Figure 2

Hepatic miR-33 and its host gene coordinate HDL-C and TG variations in obesity. In the state of obesity, hyperinsulinemia and disorders of adipokines would induce the expression of hepatic SREBP-1c gene as well as miR-33b. The upregulation of SREBP-1c would active its downstream genes and accelerate TG synthesis; upregulation of miR-33b would repress hepatic HDL assembly through the inhibition of ABCA1 and promote fat accumulation through the repression of fatty acid degradation. APN, adiponectin; TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor-α; srebf-1c, sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor; miR-33b, microRNA-33b; FAS, fatty acid synthetase; ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; CPT1A, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A; CROT, carnitine O-octanoyltransferase; HADHB, β-subunit of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein; ABCA1, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.