Figure 3

The effect of proteasome inhibitors on TNF-α, secretion by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. RAW 264.7 cells (1 × 10⁶ cells/500 μL/well) were adhered for 2 h in the wells, after 2 h, the cells were treated with 100 μL dissolved in 0.5% DMSO of dexamethasone (10 μM), mevinolin (20 μM), α-tocopherol (100 μM), δ-tocotrienol (10 μM), riboflavin (40 μM), or quercetin-HCL (40 μM) for 1 h. Then all wells were challenged with LPS (10 ng/well; 400 μL) and incubated at 37°C 5% CO₂ for 4 h. Supernatants were assayed for TNF-α secretion by ELISA kit. Data are presented as the percent of TNF-α levels compared to controls. The kit control TNF-α value was 287. The treatments 1-7 correspond to: 1. Control (media + cells + LPS [10 ng/mL] + 0.5% DMSO); 2. dexamethasone; 3. mevinolin; 4. α-tocopherol; 5. δ-tocotrienol; 6. riboflavin; 7. quercetin-HCL.