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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis (logistic regression models) of risk factors associated with "Coronary heart disease (CHD) and/or myocardial infarction (MI)" and "Transient ischemic attack (TIA) and/or Ischemic Stroke (IS)" in 1,764 PC patients.

From: Cut-off points of the visceral adiposity index (VAI) identifying a visceral adipose dysfunction associated with cardiometabolic risk in a Caucasian Sicilian population

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and/or Myocardial Infarction (MI)

 

PCP

Without CHD/MI

No 1720

PCP

With CHD/MI

No 44

Univariate analysis

Multivariate Analysis

 

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

p

p

OR (IC 95%)

Age (years)

47.15 ± 17.98

67.64 ± 10.90

< 0.001

< 0.001

1.06 (1.03 - 1.08)

BMI

24.21 ± 4.00

26.70 ± 4.46

< 0.001

-

-

Total Cholesterol

4.97 ± 0.83

5.33 ± 0.87

0.005

0.774

1.05 (0.73 - 1.52)

GFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 )

71 ± 27.13

65.06 ± 34.55

0.155

-

-

 

No (%)

No (%)

   

Gender Females Males

1160 (67.4) 560 (32.6)

19 (43.2) 25 (56.8)

0.001

0.007

2.95 (1.33 - 6.54)

Current or former smoker

520 (32.1)

24 (61.5)

< 0.001

0.002

3.34 (1.54 - 7.24)

VAD absent Mild VAD Moderate VAD Severe VAD

1349 (78.4)

119 (6.9)

131 (7.6)

121 (7)

13 (29.5)

7 (15.9)

10 (22.7)

14 (31.8)

< 0.001

0.158 0.001 <0.001

2.37 (0.71 - 7.88)

5.35 (1.92 - 14.87)

7.46 (2.64 - 21.05)

Metabolic Syndrome

220 (12.8)

22 (50)

< 0.001

0.581

1.36 (0.45 - 4.11)

Diabetes or fasting glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/l

303 (17.6)

17 (38.6)

< 0.001

0.403

0.678 (0.27 - 1.68)

High Blood pressure

424 (24.7)

28 (63.6)

< 0.001

0.278

1.61 (0.68 - 3.83)

High Triglycerides

259 (15.1)

16 (36.4)

< 0.001

-

-

Low HDL Cholesterol

405 (23.5)

33 (75)

< 0.001

-

-

Increased WC

290 (16.9)

16 (36.4)

0.001

-

-

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) and/or Ischemic Stroke (IS)

 

PCP

Without TIA/IS

No 1705

PCP

With TIA/IS

No 59

Univariate analysis

Multivariate Analysis

 

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

p

p

OR (IC 95%)

Age (years)

46.84 ± 17.73

71.91 ± 11.11

< 0.001

< 0.001

1.07 (1.05 - 1.10)

BMI

24.24 ± 4.02

25.25 ± 4.32

0.058

-

-

Total Cholesterol

4.98 ± 0.83

5.02 ± 0.81

0.762

-

-

GFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 )

71.38 ± 27.20

55.75 ± 27.43

< 0.001

0.047

0.98 (0.97 - 1.00)

 

No (%)

No (%)

   

Gender Females Males

1146 (67.2)

559 (32.8)

33 (55.9)

26 (44.1)

0.070

0.005

2.47 (1.32 - 4.63)

Current or former smoker

525 (32.7)

19 (36.5)

0.561

-

-

VAD absent Mild VAD Moderate VAD Severe VAD

1341 (78.7)

117 (6.)

127 (7.4)

120 (7)

21 (35.6)

9 (15.3)

14 (23.7)

15 (25.4)

< 0.001

0.027 0.001 < 0.001

2.73 (1.12 - 6.65)

4.20 (1.86 - 9.45)

5.10 (2.14 - 12.17)

Metabolic Syndrome

215 (12.6)

27 (45.8)

< 0.001

0.634

0.813 (0.34 - 1.90)

Diabetes or fasting glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/l

295 (17.3)

25 (42.4)

< 0.001

0.584

1.21 (0.60 - 2.44)

High Blood pressure

411 (24.1)

41 (69.5)

< 0.001

0.078

1.89 (0.93 - 3.83)

High Triglycerides

249 (14.6)

26 (44.1)

< 0.001

-

-

Low HDL Cholesterol

401 (23.5)

37 (62.7)

< 0.001

-

-

Increased WC

289 (17)

17 (28.8)

0.018

-

-

  1. Univariate analysis: qualitative variables were analyzed through χ2 test or Fisher exact Test; quantitative variables were analyzed through Student's t Test. Independent variables showing p value ≤ 0.10 in univariate analysis were entered in multivariate analysis. To avoid effects of multicollinearity with VAD categories the variables High Triglycerides, Low HDL Cholesterol, Increased WC and BMI were not included in either regression model.
  2. PCP (primary care patients), VAD (visceral adipose dysfunction), GFR (Glomerular filtration rate) BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), CHD (coronary heart disease), MI (myocardial infarction), TIA (transiet ischemic attack), IS (ischemic stroke).
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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X