Figure 2
From: Palmitic and linoleic acids induce ER stress and apoptosis in hepatoma cells
Effects of palmitic and linoleic acids on the expression of UPR-associated genes in mRNA level. The tumor cells were treated with TG, PA(250 μM), LA (250 μM) alone or PA+LA (125 μM or 250 μM) for 16 hr. The cells were treated with PBS as Control group. The levels of the respective mRNAs for (A) ATF4, (B) CHOP, (C) GADD34, (D) GRP78, and (E) GRP94 were determined by real-time RT-PCR relative to β2-microglobulin. a: P < 0.05 compared to Control; b: P < 0.05 compared to PA; c: P < 0.05 compared to TG; d: P < 0.05 compared to LA after Bonferroni adjustment. n = 3 in each group.