Composition of fatty acids in the maternal and umbilical cord plasma of adolescent and adult mothers: relationship with anthropometric parameters of newborn

Table 3 Composition of fatty acids (%) in maternal and umbilical cord plasma of adolescent and adult Brazilian mothers

Fatty acids	Maternal plasma		Umbilical Cord plasma
	Adolescents	Adults	Adolescents	Adults
Monounsaturated
C18:1 (n-9) cis	17.3 ± 5.2	18.0 ± 3.8	15.7 ± 2.4	17.8 ± 7.4
C18:1 (n-9) trans	0.7 ± 0.6	0.6 ± 0.4	0.5 ± 0.5^a	0.5 ± 0.5
Essential fatty acids
C18:2 n-6 (linoleic acid)	31.3 ± 3.9	31.4 ± 6.0	12.5 ± 2.1^a	12.8 ± 4.8^b
C18:3 n-3 (α-linolenic acid)	0.2 ± 0.3	0.2 ± 0.1	0.5 ± 0.6	0.5 ± 1.3
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
C20:4 n-6 (AA)¹	5.5 ± 1.2	4.6 ± 2.4^a	13.1 ± 2.4^a	10.7 ± 4.0^b,c
C20:5 n-3 (EPA)²	0.4 ± 0.2	0.4 ± 0.2	0.6 ± 0.3^a	1.1 ± 0.8^b,c
C22:6 n-3 (DHA)³	1.3 ± 0.5	1.5 ± 0.6	2.8 ± 0.7^a	2.7 ± 1.0^b
MFA Total ⁴	20.3 ± 4.7	20.0 ± 3.9	21.2 ± 3.8	21.8 ± 7.2
EFA Total ⁵	31.5 ± 3.9	31.5 ± 6.0	12.9 ± 2.3^a	13.0 ± 4.8^b
n-6 PUFA Total⁶	37.7 ± 4.5	35.8 ± 5.9	26.9 ± 2.4^a	23.4 ± 5.7^b,c
n-3 PUFA Total⁷	1.8 ± 0.7	1.9 ± 0.6	3.8 ± 1.2^a	3.6 ± 1.9^b
PUFA-LC Total⁸	7.2 ± 1.4	6.3 ± 2.8^a	16.3 ± 2.7^a	14.0 ± 4.4^b,c
Saturated Total ⁹	35.9 ± 3.3	39.7 ± 4.9^a	44.5 ± 3.8^a	46.6 ± 6.2^b
*Trans* Total ¹⁰	0.8 ± 0.6	0.9 ± 0.8	0.5 ± 0.5^a	0.8 ± 0.9

Values presented as mean and standard deviation (n = 40).
¹AA – archidonic acid; ²EPA – eicosapentaenoic acid; ³DHA – docosahexaenoic acid; ⁴MFA total: total of monounsaturated fatty acid - It includes all the cis position; ⁵EFA total: total of essencial fatty acids – It includes C18:3 n-3 and C18:2 n-6; ⁶n-6 PUFA total: total of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids – It includes C18:2 n-6, C18:3 n-6, C20:2 n-6, C20:3 n-6, C20:4 n-6 and C22:4 n-6; ⁷n-3 PUFA total: total of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids – It includes C18:3 n-3, C20:5 n-3, C22:5 n-3 and C22:6 n-3; ⁸PUFA-LC total: total of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids – It includes EPA, DHA and AA; ⁹saturated total - It includes C14:0, C15:0, C16:0 and C18:0; ¹⁰Trans total: It includes C 18:1 n-9 trans and C 18:2 n-6 trans.
^a different from maternal plasma of adolescents mothers: P < 0.05.
^b different from maternal plasma of adults mothers: P < 0.05.
^cdifferent from umbilical cord plasma of adolescents mothers: P < 0.05.

ISSN: 1476-511X