Figure 1From: Ameliorative effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids against palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance in L6 skeletal muscle cellsPalmitic acid downregulates IR expression and 2DG uptake activity.Differentiated L6 cells were incubated with the indicated concentrations of palmitic acid for the indicated times. Dose-dependent effect of palmitic acid on (A) IR expression detected by western blotting, and (B) cell viability determined by crystal violet staining. (C) Time-dependent effect of palmitic acid on IR expression determined by western blotting. (D) Time-dependent effects of palmitic acid on 2DG uptake activity in the absence or presence of 100 nM insulin. * and ** indicate significant difference vs control at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively, for panel (B). Different letters indicate significant changes (p < 0.05) for panel (D).Back to article page