Male | Female | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
n | 707 | 723 | |
Age (years) | 53.8 ± 5.2 | 53.0 ± 5.1 | 0.075 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 2.9 | 22.2 ± 3.1 | <0.0001 |
Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 209.9 ± 31.4 | 217.7 ± 31.4 | <0.0001 |
LDL-Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 130.4 ± 29.8 | 131.9 ± 30.0 | 0.38 |
HDL-Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 57.0 ± 16.3 | 71.5 ± 17.1 | <0.0001 |
Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 137.8 ± 102.5 | 86.8 ± 45.8 | <0.0001* |
glucose (mg/dl) | 99.5 ± 15.4 | 92.7 ± 10.9 | <0.0001* |
HbA1c (%) | 5.3 ± 0.59 | 5.1 ± 0.44 | <0.0001 |
Smokers (%) | 42.5 | 8.4 | <0.0001 |
Dietary intakes | |||
Energy (kcal/day) | 2106.5 ± 567.0 | 1615.5 ± 414.9 | <0.0001 |
Total fat (%energy) | 25.9 ± 6.0 | 28.2 ± 5.7 | <0.0001 |
Carbohydrate (%energy) | 57.1 ± 7.8 | 56.0 ± 7.0 | 0.012 |
SFA (%energy) | 6.5 ± 1.8 | 7.6 ± 2.0 | <0.0001 |
PUFA (%energy) | 6.7 ± 1.7 | 7.0 ± 1.6 | 0.0019 |
n-6 PUFA (%energy) | 5.4 ± 1.5 | 5.7 ± 1.4 | 0.0004 |
n-3 PUFA (%energy) | 1.5 ± 0.49 | 1.5 ± 0.44 | 0.42 |
Alcohol (g/day) | 28.7 ± 31.6 | 6.5 ± 14.6 | <0.0001 |