Immunohistochemical profiling of the heat shock response in obese non-diabetic subjects revealed impaired expression of heat shock proteins in the adipose tissue

Tiss, Ali; Khadir, Abdelkrim; Abubaker, Jehad; Abu-Farha, Mohamed; Al-Khairi, Irina; Cherian, Preethi; John, Jeena; Kavalakatt, Sina; Warsame, Samia; Al-Ghimlas, Fahad; Elkum, Naser; Behbehani, Kazem; Dermime, Said; Dehbi, Mohammed

doi:10.1186/1476-511X-13-106

Lipids in Health and Disease

Table 1 Physical, clinical and biochemical characteristics of the subjects at baseline

From: Immunohistochemical profiling of the heat shock response in obese non-diabetic subjects revealed impaired expression of heat shock proteins in the adipose tissue

	Lean (n = 47)	Obese (n = 47)	*P-value*
*Physical and Clinical characteristics*
AGE (year)	38.0 ± 9.4	39.1 ± 8.3	0.51
Gender (M/F)	20/27	23/24	0.44
BMI (kg/m²)	22.60 ± 1.97	34.95 ± 2.93	<0.0001
Weight (kg)	62.02 ± 10.32	96.36 ± 14.71	<0.0001
Height (m)	1.65 ± 0.10	1.66 ± 0.11	0.77
PBF (%)	27.43 ± 5.23	39.29 ± 4.98	<0.0001
SLM (Kg)	42.03 ± 9.29	53.66 ± 11.09	0.0002
Waist (cm)	79.39 ± 15.59	108.61 ± 13.20	<0.0001
Hip (cm)	92.29 ± 14.67	118.55 ± 8.27	<0.0001
Resting HR (beat/min)	80.71 ± 14.51	77.43 ± 8.15	0.73
SBP (mmHg)	113.00 ± 10.81	127.50 ± 11.89	0.01
DBP (mmHg)	76.43 ± 6.33	82.00 ± 10.14	0.13
V_{O2 Max} (ml/kg/min)	21.63 ± 3.76	17.48 ± 4.83	0.03
*Metabolic markers*
Cholesterol (mmol/l)	5.14 ± 0.90	5.26 ± 0.98	0.22
HDL (mmol/l)	1.47 ± 0.50	1.11 ± 0.25	<0.0001
LDL (mmol/l)	3.18 ± 0.88	3.41 ± 0.94	0.09
TG (mmol/l)	0.90 ± 0.43	1.57 ± 0.93	<0.0001
Glucose (mmol/l)	4.96 ± 0.53	5.40 ± 0.85	0.013
HBA1C (%)	5.47 ± 0.42	5.91 ± 1.11	0.0006
C-peptide (ng/ml)	2.59 ± 0.71	3.08 ± 1.35	0.04
Glucagon (ng/ml)	0.65 ± 0.11	0.71 ± 0.15	0.05
GLP-1 (ng/ml)	2.62 ± 0.83	2.68 ± 1.54	0.96
Insulin (ng/ml)	2.54 ± 1.06	4.51 ± 2.11	0.003
Leptin (ng/ml)	5.25 ± 2.95	8.41 ± 4.39	0.0004
PAI-1 (ng/ml)	3.19 ± 1.55	4.15 ± 1.53	0.015
*Inflammatory markers*
TNF-α (pg/ml)	24.07 ± 8.30	28.94 ± 14.23	0.96
IL-1β (pg/ml)	1.20 ± 0.47	1.35 ± 0.85	0.89
IL-6 (pg/ml)	5.29 ± 2.02	4.97 ± 2.32	0.37
IL-10 (pg/ml)	1.97 ± 2.00	2.53 ± 2.84	0.87
IP-10 (pg/ml)	365 ± 139	556 ± 224	0.0002
MCP-1 (pg/ml)	9.06 ± 2.73	10.20 ± 4.41	0.89
MIP-1a (pg/ml)	6.93 ± 3.54	10.74 ± 6.08	0.04
RANTES (ng/ml)	1.32 ± 0.68	1.78 ± 0.77	0.01
*Oxidative stress markers*
ROS (mM)	1.41 ± 0.28	1.51 ± 0.15	0.35
TBARS (μM)	1.18 ± 0.54	1.53 ± 0.49	0.20

Data are presented as mean ± SD. Non-parametric Mann–Whitney test was used to determine significance of difference in means between lean and obese groups.

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