Table 1 Baseline study sample characteristics according to genders

Number

20

46

Age, years old

29.45 ± 8.65

31.37 ± 10.10

0.463

Head fat, g

1829.43 ± 337.66

1638.01 ± 321.99

0.032

Body weight, kg

102.13 ± 19.74

83.37 ± 12.07

0.001

BMI, kg/m ²

33.24 ± 4.46

31.85 ± 4.25

0.234

NC, cm

42.01 ± 4.66

38.30 ± 9.54

0.133

WC, cm

109.58 ± 14.69

99.50 ± 8.59

0.002

HC, cm

112.79 ± 11.13

107.48 ± 8.25

0.049

Visceral index

17.64 ± 6.37

12.19 ± 5.73

0.002

BM, kcal

2062.22 ± 339.91

1623.66 ± 189.49

<0.001

FPG, mmol/l

5.80 ± 1.75

5.43 ± 1.40

0.397

Fasting insulin, uU/ml

24.42 ± 13.78

23.75 ± 11.32

0.841

Fasting CP, ng/ml

3.85 ± 1.38

3.51 ± 1.26

0.358

TCH, mmol/L

4.90 ± 1.29

4.97 ± 0.96

0.824

TG, mmol/L

1.79 ± 0.78

1.75 ± 1.59

0.925

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.06 ± 0.26

1.24 ± 0.31

0.053

LDL-C, mmol/L

2.86 ± 1.22

2.84 ± 0.68

0.939

FFA, mmol/L

0.61 ± 0.22

0.61 ± 0.28

0.977

UA, umol/L

442.64 ± 92.08

368.43 ± 103.09

0.014

Upper limbs fat, g

5328.93 ± 1274.17

5493.33 ± 1304.78

0.637

Lower limbs fat, g

9843.77 ± 2838.54

10430.69 ± 2948.71

0.455

Total limbs fat, g

15172.70 ± 3746.38

15924.02 ± 3891.50

0.469

Trunk fat, g

17554.45 ± 3782.72

16420.15 ± 3596.75

0.251

Total fat except head, g

32731.45 ± 6787.01

32347.40 ± 6747.21

0.833

Total fat, g

34516.35 ± 6987.79

33989.90 ± 6875.77

0.758

Total fat, %

34.72 ± 4.41

41.30 ± 4.28

<0.001