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Figure 4 | Lipids in Health and Disease

Figure 4

From: The rhythmic expression of clock genes attenuated in human plaque-derived vascular smooth muscle cells

Figure 4

Circadian expression of Bmal1 and Clock genes at mRNA levels in primary cultured VSMCs. (A) Circadian expression of Bmal1 mRNA in normal human carotid VSMCs and human plaque-derived VSMCs. (B) Circadian expression of Clock mRNA in normal human carotid VSMCs and human plaque-derived VSMCs. The mRNA levels were determined by qRT-PCR at the indicated time points after the serum shock. Values of Bmal1 and Clock mRNA were normalized to GAPDH mRNA. The signal levels at ZT0 of normal human carotid VSMCs were defined as 1. Each value represents the mean ± SD (n1 = 7 of normal human carotid VSMCs; n2 = 21 of human plaque-derived VSMCs). The differences of expression levels were assessed by unpaired Student’s t test. **p < 0.01 in normal human carotid VSMCs versus human plaque-derived VSMCs.

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