Favourable effects of consuming a Palaeolithic-type diet on characteristics of the metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled pilot-study

Table 1 Nutrient and caloric composition of the dietary intervention programs

Nutrient	Palaeolithic^a		Reference^a		RDA^b
Nutrient	En%		En%		En%
Energy (kJ)	8 703		8 690			8 374
Protein (en%),(g)	24	123	17	91	10-25
vegetable protein (g)	22		39		none
animal protein (g)	101		52		none
Carbohydrate (en%),(g)	32	164	50	261	40-70
mono/disaccharides (g)	132		109		none
Fat (en%),(g)	41	94	29	68	20-40
saturated (en%),(g)	10	24	9	21	<10
monounsaturated (g)	44		26.5		none
polyunsaturated (g)	19		14.6		none
linoleic acid (g)	14		11		4-6
EPA (mg)	640		210		EPA + DHA: 450
DHA (mg)	950		360		EPA + DHA: 450
Fibre (en%),(g)	3	34	2.7	28	30-40
Sodium (mg)	2 194		2 121		<2 400
Potassium (mg)	5 859		3 932		4 700
Calcium (mg)	575		1 181		1 000
Magnesium (mg)	494		415		250-300
Iron (mg)	16.4		12.6		8-15
Selenium (mg)	110		50		50-150
Zinc (mg)	13.6		12.0		9-10
Phosphorus (mg)	1 661		1 729		700-1 400
Copper (mg)	2.0		1.4		1.5-3.5
Iodine (mcg)	138		219		150
Vitamin A (mcg)	1 317		705		700-900
Vitamin B1 (mg)	1.5		1.0		1.1
Vitamin B2 (mg)	1.4		1.7		1.1-1.5
Vitamin B3 (mg)	35		19		13-17
Vitamin B6 (mg)	2.8		1.7		1.5
Vitamin B12 (mcg)	11.5		4.2		2.8
Vitamin C (mg)	264		142		70
Vitamin D (mcg)	4.3		3.7		3.3
Folate (mcg)	398		331		300

Abbreviation: En%, energy percentage.
^aCalculations were based on the Dutch NeVo table [30].
^bRecommended Dietary Allowances were based on recommendation of the Dutch Health Council [22–29].