Anthropometric
| | | | | | | | |
Bodyweight (kg)
| | | | | | |
−1.3 (−2.3; −0.3)
|
0.01
|
|
Baseline
|
98.0
|
18.2
|
86.0
|
14.2
|
0.04
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
95.3
|
17.5
|
84.3
|
12.5
| | | |
BMI (kg/m2)
| | | | | | |
−0.5 (−0.9; −0.1)
|
0.01
|
|
Baseline
|
33.7
|
5.9
|
29.8
|
4.9
|
0.05
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
32.8
|
5.8
|
29.7
|
5.2
| | | |
Abdominal circumference (cm)
| | | | | |
−0.4 (−2.4; 1.6)
|
0.69
|
|
Baseline
|
114.7
|
11.5
|
107.7
|
9.4
|
0.06
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
111.6
|
12.3
|
104.7
|
8.7
| | | |
Systolic BP (mmHg)
| | | | | |
−9.1 (−16.2; −1.9)
|
0.02
|
|
Baseline
|
131
|
15
|
134
|
15
|
0.48
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
122
|
10
|
129
|
14
|
·
| | |
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
| | | | | |
−5.2 (−10.0; −0.3)
|
0.04
|
|
Baseline
|
87
|
9
|
86
|
13
|
0.75
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
79
|
6
|
83
|
9
|
·
| | |
Characteristics of the MetS (n),
| | | | | |
−1.1 (−1.9; −0.3)
|
0.01
|
range 0-5
|
Baseline
|
3.7
|
1.1
|
2.7
|
1.3
|
0.02
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
2.7
|
1.0
|
2.9
|
1.2
| | | |
Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity
| | | | | | |
Glucose fasting (mmol/l)
| | | | | |
−0.1 (−0.5; 0.3)
|
0.68
|
|
Baseline
|
6.1
|
0.8
|
5.8
|
0.7
|
0.34
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
5.7
|
0.8
|
5.5
|
0.8
| | | |
Insulin fasting (mU/l)
| | | | | |
−2 · 0 (−5.0; 1.1)
|
0.20
|
|
Baseline
|
11.9
|
5.5
|
10.2
|
6.5
|
0.40
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
9.2
|
4.9
|
9.5
|
5.3
| | | |
HOMAIRd
| | | | | | |
−0.5 (−1.4; 0.4)
|
0.28
|
|
Baseline
|
3.3
|
1.7
|
2.7
|
1.8
|
0.32
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
2.4
|
1.6
|
2.4
|
1.3
| | | |
AUC glucose (mmol/l x min)
| | | | | |
−27.7 (−156.6; 101.1)
|
0.66
|
|
Baseline
|
263
|
208
|
249
|
162
|
0.83
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
245
|
199
|
262
|
216
| | | |
AUC insulin (mU/l x min)
| | | | | |
−1 342 · (−415; 3 099)
|
0.13
|
|
Baseline
|
8 791
|
6 200
|
6 270
|
3 619
|
0.16
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
6 873
|
2 692
|
6 955
|
3 365
| | | |
TG:HDL-C (mol/mol)
| | | | | |
−0.9 (−1.3; −0.5)
|
0.00
|
|
Baseline
|
1.7
|
1.6
|
0.9
|
0.6
|
0.07
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
0.9
|
0.7
|
1.1
|
0.7
| | | |
Lipids
| | | | | | | | |
TC (mmol/l)
| | | | | |
−0.5 (−1.0; −0.0)
|
0.04
|
|
Baseline
|
5.7
|
1.0
|
6.1
|
1.4
|
0.33
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
5.0
|
0.9
|
6.0
|
1.2
| | | |
HDL-C (mmol/l)
| | | | | | |
0.2 (0.0; 0.3)
|
0.01
|
|
Baseline
|
1.3
|
0.4
|
1.6
|
0.4
|
0.06
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
1.3
|
0.4
|
1.4
|
0.4
| | | |
LDL-C (mmol/l)
| | | | | | |
−0.1 (−0.5; 0.3)
|
0.56
|
|
Baseline
|
3.5
|
0.7
|
3.9
|
1.4
|
0.27
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
3.2
|
0.8
|
3.9
|
1.1
| | | |
TG (mmol/l)
| | | | | | |
−0.9 (−1.3; −0.5)
|
0.00
|
|
Baseline
|
1.9
|
1.4
|
1.3
|
0.6
|
0.10
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
1.0
|
0.6
|
1.4
|
0.6
| | | |
TC:HDL-C (mol/mol)
| | | | | |
−1.2 (−1.9; −0.4)
|
0.00
|
|
Baseline
|
4.6
|
1.5
|
3.5
|
2.1
|
0.11
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
4.0
|
1.3
|
4.5
|
1.5
| | | |
Inflammation
| | | | | | | | |
hsCRP (mg/l)
| | | | | | |
0.1 (−2.2; 2.3)
|
0.96
|
|
Baseline
|
4.4
|
3.4
|
2.3
|
3.1
|
0.07
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
4.6
|
3.1
|
3.0
|
4.5
| | | |
TNFα (pg/ml)
| | | | | | |
−0.6 (−1.7; 0.6)
|
0.32
|
|
Baseline
|
3.9
|
1.8
|
4.3
|
3.0
|
0.65
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
4.0
|
1.6
|
4.3
|
3.1
| | | |
Intestinal permeability
| | | | | | | |
Lactulose:mannitol (mol/mol), in 5 h urine portion
| | | |
−0.007 (−0.023; 0.008)
|
0.35
|
|
Baseline
|
0.029
|
0.017
|
0.024
|
0.021
|
0.66
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
0.024
|
0.013
|
0.033
|
0.025
| | | |
Stress parameter
| | | | | | | | |
Diurnal cortisol slope, wakeup-bedtime
| | | | |
−0.08 (−0.36; 0.20)
|
0.54
|
|
Baseline
|
−0.41
|
−0.30;-0.72e
|
−0.38
|
−0.30;-0.70e
|
0.43
| | |
|
2 weeks
|
−0.40
|
−0.22;-0.54e
|
−0.57
|
−0.28;-0.62e
| | | |