Favourable effects of consuming a Palaeolithic-type diet on characteristics of the metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled pilot-study

Boers, Inge; Muskiet, Frits AJ; Berkelaar, Evert; Schut, Erik; Penders, Ria; Hoenderdos, Karine; Wichers, Harry J; Jong, Miek C

doi:10.1186/1476-511X-13-160

Lipids in Health and Disease

Table 6 Post-hoc analysis: differences without and with weight loss added to the model

From: Favourable effects of consuming a Palaeolithic-type diet on characteristics of the metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled pilot-study

Variable	Difference^a	P ^b	Adjusted difference^cweight loss added to the model	P ^b
Anthropometric
Abdominal circumference (cm)	−0.4 (−2.4;1.6)	0.69	−0.9 (−3.2;1.5)	0.56
Systolic BP (mmHg)	−9.1 (−16.2;-1.9)	0.02	−13.0 (−25.4;-0.6)	0.04
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	−5.2 (−10.0;-0.3)	0.04	−4.9 (−10.7;0.9)	0.09
Characteristics of the MetS (n)	−1.1 (−1.9;-0.3)	0.01	−1.0 (−1.8;-0.1)	0.03
Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity
Glucose fasting (mmol/l)	−0.1 (−0.5;0.3)	0.68	−0.0 (−0.5;0.5)	0.91
Insulin fasting (mU/l)	−2.0 (−5.0;1.1)	0.20	−1.4 (−5.1;2.3)	0.44
HOMA_IR	−0.5 (−1.4;0.4)	0.28	−0.5 (−1.6;0.7)	0.41
AUC glucose (mmol/l x min)	−28 (−157;101)	0.66	−107 (−247; 33)	0.13
AUC insulin (mU/l x min)	−1 342 (−415; 3 099)	0.13	−484 (−2 503; 1 535)	0.63
TG:HDL-C (mol/mol)	−0.9 (−1.3;-0.5)	0.00	−0.7 (−1.1;-0.3)	0.00
Lipids
TC (mmol/l)	−0.5 (−1.0;-0.0)	0.04	−0.3 (−0.8;0.3)	0.35
HDL-C (mmol/l)	0.2 (0.0;0.3)	0.01	0.15 (0.01;0.29)	0.04
LDL-C (mmol/l)	−0.1 (−0.5;0.3)	0.56	−0.1 (−0.5;0.4)	0.75
TG (mmol/l)	−0.9 (−1.3;-0.5)	0.00	−0.7 (−1.0;-0.3)	0.00
TC:HDL-C (mol/mol)	−1.2 (−1.9;-0.4)	0.00	−1.1 (−2.0;-0.3)	0.01
Inflammation
hsCRP (mg/l)	0.1 (−2.2;2.3)	0.96	0.1 (−2.7;2.8)	0.95
TNFα (pg/ml)	−0.6 (−1.7;0.6)	0.32	−0.7 (−2.0;0.7)	0.31
Intestinal permeability
Lactulose:mannitol (mmol/mol)	−0.07 (−0.023;0.008)	0.35	−0.012 (−0.031;0.008)	0.24
Stress parameter
Diurnal cortisol slope	−0.08 (−0.36;0.20)	0.54	−0.10 (−0.44;0.25)	0.24
wakeup-bedtime

Abbreviations: TG triglycerides, HDL-C HDL-cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C LDL-cholesterol.
Adjusted differences after the intervention between both diets without and with weight loss added to the model.
^aDifference = Palaeolithic-type diet – reference diet (with 95% CI).
^bP values between the two intervention groups after the intervention.
^cAdjusted difference = Palaeolithic-type diet – reference diet (with 95% CI), percentage weight loss added to the model as fixed effect.

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ISSN: 1476-511X

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