| sdLDL-C, mmol/L |  | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Upper | Middle | Lower | p-value |
 | ≥ 37.7 | 24.0-37.7 | < 24.0 |  |
Characteristics | N = 197 | N = 197 | N = 198 |  |
Age, years | 45.82 ± 7.61 | 44.41 ± 7.96 | 45.13 ± 7.99 | 0.390 |
Male, % | 91.88 | 90.16 | 78.35 | <.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.79 ± 2.95 | 25.26 ± 3.62 | 24.19 ± 3.19 | <.001 |
Waist, cm | 87.28 ± 7.94 | 85.61 ± 10.1 | 81.87 ± 9.04 | <.001 |
Smoking, % | 20.81 | 14.95 | 14.29 | 0.083 |
Alcohol, % | 23.86 | 21.65 | 14.8 | 0.025 |
Hypertension, % | 27.92 | 18.04 | 14.8 | 0.001 |
Systolic BP, mmHg | 126.04 ± 14.67 | 121.23 ± 10.91 | 117.44 ± 13.23 | <.001 |
Diastolic BP, mmHg | 77.53 ± 9.79 | 74.18 ± 8.19 | 71.28 ± 9.51 | <.001 |
OGTT diabetes, % | 9.14 | 4.12 | 3.57 | 0.017 |
Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.45 ± 1.21 | 5.15 ± 0.78 | 5.03 ± 0.93 | <.001 |
GluAUC, mmol/L | 32.53 ± 10.07 | 29.24 ± 7.01 | 26.64 ± 8.13 | <.001 |
HbA1C, % | 5.85 ± 1.05 | 5.55 ± 0.46 | 5.56 ± 0.69 | <.001 |
Cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.98 ± 0.88 | 5.31 ± 0.62 | 4.7 ± 0.65 | <.001 |
Triglyceride, mmol/L | 2.39 ± 1.49 | 1.48 ± 0.75 | 0.99 ± 0.41 | <.001 |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.22 ± 0.3 | 1.27 ± 0.31 | 1.37 ± 0.3 | <.001 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.55 ± 0.89 | 3.15 ± 0.61 | 2.59 ± 0.52 | <.001 |
sdLDL-C/LDL-C | 0.39 ± 0.13 | 0.26 ± 0.07 | 0.18 ± 0.04 | <.001 |