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Table 1 Cardiovascular characteristics of participants according to tertile distribution of small dense-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C)

From: Additive effects of postchallenge hyperglycemia and low-density lipoprotein particles on the risk of arterial stiffness in healthy adults

 

sdLDL-C, mmol/L

 
 

Upper

Middle

Lower

p-value

 

≥ 37.7

24.0-37.7

< 24.0

 

Characteristics

N = 197

N = 197

N = 198

 

Age, years

45.82 ± 7.61

44.41 ± 7.96

45.13 ± 7.99

0.390

Male, %

91.88

90.16

78.35

<.001

BMI, kg/m2

25.79 ± 2.95

25.26 ± 3.62

24.19 ± 3.19

<.001

Waist, cm

87.28 ± 7.94

85.61 ± 10.1

81.87 ± 9.04

<.001

Smoking, %

20.81

14.95

14.29

0.083

Alcohol, %

23.86

21.65

14.8

0.025

Hypertension, %

27.92

18.04

14.8

0.001

Systolic BP, mmHg

126.04 ± 14.67

121.23 ± 10.91

117.44 ± 13.23

<.001

Diastolic BP, mmHg

77.53 ± 9.79

74.18 ± 8.19

71.28 ± 9.51

<.001

OGTT diabetes, %

9.14

4.12

3.57

0.017

Fasting glucose, mmol/L

5.45 ± 1.21

5.15 ± 0.78

5.03 ± 0.93

<.001

GluAUC, mmol/L

32.53 ± 10.07

29.24 ± 7.01

26.64 ± 8.13

<.001

HbA1C, %

5.85 ± 1.05

5.55 ± 0.46

5.56 ± 0.69

<.001

Cholesterol, mmol/L

5.98 ± 0.88

5.31 ± 0.62

4.7 ± 0.65

<.001

Triglyceride, mmol/L

2.39 ± 1.49

1.48 ± 0.75

0.99 ± 0.41

<.001

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.22 ± 0.3

1.27 ± 0.31

1.37 ± 0.3

<.001

LDL-C, mmol/L

3.55 ± 0.89

3.15 ± 0.61

2.59 ± 0.52

<.001

sdLDL-C/LDL-C

0.39 ± 0.13

0.26 ± 0.07

0.18 ± 0.04

<.001

  1. OGTT Diabetes: subjects’ results with OGTT two hour value >11.1 mmol/l.
  2. Abbreviations: OGTT oral glucose tolerance test, GluAUC glucose area under curve after OGTT.