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Table 5 Multivariate-adjusted mean levels * of fasting lipids, FPG and BMI by examination cycle in large sample

From: Secular trends in serum lipid levels of a Middle Eastern adult population; 10 years follow up in Tehran lipid and glucose study

 

Exam 1 (1999–2001)

Exam 2 (2002–2005)

Exam 3 (2005–2008)

Exam 4 (2008–2011)

p-value for trend

Male

     

  TC†

5.21 (5.20-5.22)

5.13 (5.12-5.15)

5.00 (4.99-5.01)

4.88 (4.87-5.00)

<0.001

  LDL-C†

3.82 (3.81-3.83)

3.73 (3.72-3.74)

3.58 (3.57-3.59)

3.43 (3.42-3.45)

<0.001

  HDL-C†

0.95 (0.94-0.95)

0.97 (0.96-0.98)

1.013 (1.010-1.017)

1.058 (1.055-1.062)

<0.001

  TG†

2.11 (2.08-2.14)

1.96 (1.92-1.99)

1.93 (1.90-1.96)

1.94 (1.91-1.98)

0.057

  Non-HDL-C†

4.26 (4.25-4.28)

4.15 (4.14-4.17)

3.98 (3.97-4.0)

3.82 (3.80-3.83)

<0.001

  TG/HDL

2.43 (2.41-2.46)

2.31 (2.3-2.34)

2.15 (2.12-2.17)

2.00 (1.97-2.03)

<0.001

  TC/HDL

5.77 (5.75-5.8)

5.52 (5.5-5.54)

5.18 (5.16-5.2)

4.84 (4.81-4.86)

<0.001

  FPG†

5.35 (5.32-5.37)

5.54 (5.51-5.57))

5.62(5.59-5.64)

5.73 (5.71-5.75)

<0.001

  BMI (kg/m2)

25.92 (25.87-25.97)

26.3 (26.23-26.35)

26.78 (26.72-26.84)

27.45 (27.4-27.51)

<0.001

Female

     

  TC†

5.42 (5.39-5.43)

5.37 (5.34-5.4)

5.18 (5.16-5.20)

5.07 (5.04-5.06)

<0.001

  LDL-C†

3.90 (3.88-3.92)

3.81 (3.79-3.83)

3.61 (3.59-3.63)

3.46 (3.44-3.48)

<0.001

  HDL-C†

1.103 (1.101-1.104)

1.140 (1.130-1.142)

1.039 (1.037-1.194)

1.246 (1.241-1.251)

<0.001

  TG†

1.88 (1.86-1.91)

1.80 (1.77-1.83)

1.71 (1.68-1.73)

1.74 (1.71-1.77)

<0.001

  Non-HDL-C†

4.31 (4.29-4.33)

4.22 (4.20-4.24)

3.98 (3.96-4.00)

3.82 (3.80-3.85)

<0.001

  TG/HDL-C

1.88 (1.87-1.90)

1.82 (1.80-1.84)

1.63 (1.61-1.65)

1.54 (1.51-1.57)

<0.001

  TC/HDL-C

5.20 (5.17-5.21)

4.95 (4.93-4.98)

4.57 (4.56-4.60)

4.28 (4.25-4.32)

<0.001

  FPG†

5.47 (5.44-5.49)

5.63 (5.60-5.66)

5.63 (5.61-5.66)

5.78 (5.75-5.81)

0.37

  BMI (kg/m2)

27.76 (27.7-27.82)

28.64 (28.56-28.71)

29.11 (29.05-29.18)

30.02 (29.95-30.10)

<0.001

  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, Exam examination cycle, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non HDL-C non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides.
  2. *Values are age adjusted means (95% confidence intervals) from generalized estimating equations to account for correlated observations. Adjusted for age, propensity score, examination cycle, BMI, current smoking, hypertension, Diabetes (except for FPG) and total cholesterol (in analyses of HDL-C and TGs), using covariates from the examination in question.
  3. †mmol/L.