Butter naturally enriched in cis-9, trans-11 CLA prevents hyperinsulinemia and increases both serum HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in rats

de Almeida, Mariana Macedo; Luquetti, Sheila Cristina Potente Dutra; Sabarense, Céphora Maria; Corrêa, José Otávio do Amaral; dos Reis, Larissa Gomes; Conceição, Ellen Paula Santos da; Lisboa, Patrícia Cristina; de Moura, Egberto Gaspar; Gameiro, Jacy; da Gama, Marco Antônio Sundfeld; Lopes, Fernando César Ferraz; Garcia, Raúl Marcel González

doi:10.1186/1476-511X-13-200

Lipids in Health and Disease

Table 3 Chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the experimental diets

From: Butter naturally enriched in cis-9, trans-11 CLA prevents hyperinsulinemia and increases both serum HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in rats

	Dietary treatments
	NF-So²	HF-Cb³	HF-CLAb⁴	HF-So⁵
	Chemical composition,% of diet dry matter
Dry matter content (%)	79.1	86.8	85.4	88.4
Fat	3.11	17.6	17.4	21.1
Crude protein	13.1	16.0	16.2	14.8
Ash	2.76	2.98	3.09	2.95
Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF)	2.76	3.55	3.26	3.89
Carbohydrate	55.4	44.8	43.4	42.7
	Energetic composition
Carbohydrate Energy (%)	73.4	44.6	43.9	40.7
Protein Energy (%)	17.4	15.9	16.4	14.1
Fat Energy (%)	9.35	39.5	39.6	45.2
Kcal/g	2.39	3.49	3.38	3.71
	Fatty acids (g/100 g of total fatty acids)
C4:0	n.d.¹	3.16	2.95	n.d.
C5:0	n.d.	0.03	0.01	n.d.
C6:0	n.d.	1.69	1.37	n.d.
C7:0	n.d.	0.02	0.01	n.d.
C8:0	n.d.	1.00	0.64	n.d.
C9:0	n.d.	0.03	0.01	n.d.
C10:0	n.d.	2.07	1.14	n.d.
C10:1 *cis* -9	n.d.	0.26	0.12	n.d.
C11:0	n.d.	0.02	0.01	n.d.
C12:0	n.d.	2.37	1.25	n.d.
C12:1 *cis* -9/C13:0	n.d.	0.16	0.08	n.d.
C14:0	0.52	8.71	5.74	0.54
C15:0 *iso*	n.d.	0.20	0.25	n.d.
C15:0 *anteiso*	n.d.	0.41	0.47	n.d.
C14:1 *cis* -9	n.d.	0.83	0.46	n.d.
C15:0	n.d.	0.95	0.90	n.d.
C16:0	11.7	29.3	19.7	11.8
C16:1 *trans* -9	n.d.	0.03	0.03	n.d.
C17:0 *iso*	n.d.	0.32	0.51	n.d.
C16:1 *cis* -9 + C17:0 *anteiso*	n.d.	1.51	1.16	n.d.
C17:0	n.d.	0.49	0.51	n.d.
C17:1 *cis* -9	n.d.	0.18	0.19	n.d.
C18:0	4.25	9.02	13.9	4.23
C18:1 *trans* -4	n.d.	0.02	0.07	n.d.
C18:1 *trans* -5	n.d.	0.02	0.06	n.d.
C18:1 *trans* -6/7/8	n.d.	0.31	0.80	n.d.
C18:1 *trans* -9	n.d.	0.23	0.57	n.d.
C18:1 *trans* -10	n.d.	0.30	0.81	n.d.
C18:1 *trans* -11	n.d.	1.09	4.03	n.d.
C18:1 *trans* -12	n.d.	0.29	0.65	n.d.
C18:1 *trans* -13/14	n.d.	0.24	0.49	n.d.
C18:1 *cis-* 9/ *trans* -15	23.8	20.3	25.9	22.4
Minor *cis* -C18:1 isomers (c11 + c12 + c13)	1.43	0.83	1.03	1.45
C18:1 *trans* -16	n.d.	0.23	0.36	n.d.
C18:1 *cis* -14	n.d.	0.05	0.10	n.d.
C19:0/C18:1 *cis* -15	n.d.	0.11	0.11	n.d.
C18:2 *trans* -9 *trans* -12	n.d.	0.01	0.01	n.d.
C18:2 *cis* -9 *trans* -12	0.09	0.04	0.06	0.08
C18:2 *trans* -9 *cis* -12	n.d.	0.03	0.04	n.d.
C18:2 *cis* -9 *cis* -12	49.5	8.04	7.15	52.4
C20:0	0.36	0.18	0.20	0.35
C18:3 *cis* -6, *cis* -9 *cis* -12	n.d.	0.02	0.01	n.d.
C20:1 *cis* -11	n.d.	0.06	0.12	n.d.
C18:3 *cis* -9 *cis* -12 *cis* -15	6.16	0.96	0.89	6.58
CLA *cis* -9 *trans* -11	n.d.	0.53	1.66	n.d.
CLA *trans* -10 *cis* -12	n.d.	0.01	0.01	n.d.
CLA *trans* -11 *cis* -13	n.d.	0.01	0.02	n.d.
C21:0	n.d.	0.03	0.03	n.d.
C20:2 *cis* -11, *cis* -14	n.d.	0.02	0.02	n.d.
C22:0	0.41	0.11	0.13	0.30
C20:3 n-6	n.d.	0.05	0.04	n.d.
C20:4 n-6	n.d.	0.10	0.08	n.d.
C23:0	n.d.	0.03	0.01	n.d.
C20:5 n-3 (EPA)	n.d.	0.02	0.01	n.d.
C24:0	0.15	0.06	0.06	0.16
C22:5 n3 (DPA)	n.d.	0.06	0.06	n.d.
C22:6 n-3 (DHA)	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.

¹n.d.: not detected; ²Normal Fat-Soybean oil (NF-So), diet containing 4.0% soybean oil (SO); ³High Fat-Control Butter (HF-Cb), diet containing 21.7% control butter and 2.3% SO; ⁴High CLA Butter (HF-CLAb), diet containing 21.7% butter naturally enriched in cis-9, trans-11 CLA and 2.3% SO; ⁵High Fat-Soybean oil (HF-So), diet containing 24.0% SO.

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ISSN: 1476-511X

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