The association between

Table 2 Characteristics of participating men stratified by presence of HTGW components**

Characteristic	Without HTGW n = 134	Elevated TG n = 31	Elevated WC n = 128	HTGW n = 84	Overall significance (p)
Age (years)	46.7 ± 8.9	46.1 ± 7.9	47.9 ± 8.7	45.5 ± 8.8	0.256
Ethnicity					< 0.001
Aboriginal	15 (11.2%)	1 (3.2%)	38 (29.7%)	25 (29.8%)
Chinese	50 (37.3%)	19 (61.3%)	16 (12.5%)	15 (17.9%)
European	40 (29.9%)	1 (3.2%)	39 (30.5%)	17 (20.2%)
South Asian	29 (21.6%)	10 (32.3%)	35 (27.3%)	27 (32.1%)
Current smoker	10 (7.5%)	3 (9.7%)	14 (10.9%)	15 (17.9%)	0.125
Family history of CVD present (%)	59 (44.0%)	14 (45.2%)	58 (45.3%)	36 (42.9%)	0.987
Physical activity (min/week)*†	238 (194, 290)	153 (99, 236)	220 (179, 272)	183 (142, 236)	0.249
Body mass index*	24.2 (23.6, 24.7)	24.7 (23.6, 25.8)	29.8 (29.2, 30.3)	30.7 (30.1, 31.4)	< 0.001^{b, c, d, e, f}
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)*	5.11 ± 0.95	5.81 ± 1.01	5.00 ± 0.87	5.66 ± 0.95	< 0.001^{a, c, d, f}
HDL-C (mmol/L)*	1.28 ± 0.30	0.97 ± 0.19	1.13 ± 0.27	0.94 ± 0.20	< 0.001^{a, b, c, d, f}
Glucose (mmol/L)*	5.10 (4.90, 5.43)	5.20 (5.00, 5.40)	5.30 (5.10, 5.70)	5.60 (5.20, 5.90)	< 0.001^{b, c, e, f}
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)*	115 (108, 120)	116 (108, 124)	118 (112, 126)	120 (114, 131)	0.014^c
Intima-media thickness (mm)*†	0.67 (0.65, 0.69)	0.65 (0.61, 0.69)	0.71 (0.69, 0.73)	0.72 (0.70, 0.75)	< 0.001^{b, c, d, e}
Total area (mm²)*†	17.87 (16.53, 19.34)	18.56 (15.75, 21.85)	20.41 (18.84, 21.85)	21.05 (19.07, 23.27)	< 0.001^{b, c}
Presence of plaque	66 (49.3%)	17 (54.8%)	74 (57.8%)	53 (63.1%)	0.225

*Age adjusted, presented as mean (95%CI), † geometric means; age presented as mean ± SD; Differences in continuous variables across categories of HTGW components variable explored by general linear modelling. Categorical variables presented as n (%). Associations between categorical variables and HTGW components variable explored by Chi-square test.
Pairwise comparisons: ^ap < 0.05, Normal WC/Normal TG vs. Elevated TG/Normal WC; ^bp < 0.05, Normal WC/Normal TG vs. Elevated WC/Normal TG; ^cp < 0.05, Normal WC/Normal TG vs. HTGW; ^dp < 0.05, Elevated TG/Normal WC vs. Elevated WC/Normal TG; ^ep < 0.05, Elevated TG/Normal WC vs. HTGW; ^fp < 0.05, Elevated WC/Normal TG vs. HTGW.
**Elevated waist circumference (WC) was ≥ 90 cm. Elevated triglyceride (TG) levels were ≥ 2 mmol/L. Fourteen male participants are missing data for one or both hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) components.

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