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Table 4 Changes in dietary intake

From: Short-term intake of a Japanese-style healthy lunch menu contributes to prevention and/or improvement in metabolic syndrome among middle-aged men: a non-randomized controlled trial

    

Intervention group

 

Characteristics

 

Control group (n = 7)

p value

Intake frequency of <50% ile (n = 12)

p value

Intake frequency of ≥50% ile (n = 16)

p value

 

Baseline

2206 ± 473

 

2554 ± 392

 

1938 ± 517

 

Energy (kcal)

  

0.336

 

0.042

 

0.543

 

After 3 months

2423 ± 548

 

2104 ± 393

 

2040 ± 403

 
 

Baseline

75.6 ± 14.9

 

86.4 ± 23.1

 

68.2 ± 21.0

 

Protein (g)

  

0.266

 

0.765

 

0.028

 

After 3 months

84.4 ± 13.6

 

82.9 ± 25.6

 

90.9 ± 30.0

 
 

Baseline

64.7 ± 15.0

 

78.8 ± 19.4

 

55.7 ± 15.5

 

Fat (g)

  

0.774

 

0.151

 

0.286

 

After 3 months

68.3 ± 31.2

 

59.5 ± 24.7

 

49.1 ± 13.1

 
 

Baseline

310.2 ± 122.8

 

359.6 ± 85.2

 

284.8 ± 91.3

 

Carbohydrate (g)

  

0.286

 

0.049

 

0.386

 

After 3 months

345.2 ± 116.2

 

295.8 ± 45.3

 

308.1 ± 66.1

 
 

Baseline

11.3 ± 3.3

 

12.8 ± 4.1

 

11.2 ± 4.0

 

Salt (g)

  

0.823

 

0.723

 

0.426

 

After 3 months

11.6 ± 2.3

 

12.2 ± 5.0

 

12.5 ± 5.3

 
 

Baseline

16.7 ± 6.4

 

18.2 ± 9.0

 

15.3 ± 5.2

 

Total dietary fiber (g)

  

0.912

 

0.661

 

0.047

 

After 3 months

17.1 ± 7.7

 

20.8 ± 14.9

 

30.4 ± 20.9

 
 

Baseline

355.1 ± 156.1

 

298.4 ± 203.5

 

292.4 ± 146.6

 

Total vegetables (g)

  

0.210

 

0.232

 

0.035

 

After 3 months

273.8 ± 152.2

 

211.0 ± 110.0

 

411.1 ± 155.9

 
  1. Data shows mean ± S.D.
  2. p stands for the difference between the baseline parameters and the parameters after 3 months analyzed by the paired t-test.
  3. Difference was considered significant at p < 0.05.