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Table 1 Serum and urinary sialic acid and microalbumin levels in Type 2 diabetes with nephropathy and retinopathy

From: Relationship between Sialic acid and metabolic variables in Indian type 2 diabetic patients

Parameters

Diabetes without any complications

Diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic Retinopathy

Non-diabetic subjects

p value

Serum Sialic acid (mg%)

55.05 ± 2.9*

85.05 ± 2.7***

75.05 ± 2.5***

46.6 ± 2.08

< 0.001

Urine sialic acid (mg%)

6.02 ± 2.58**

13.06 ± 1.58***

11.03 ± 1.78***

3.2 ± 0.65

< 0.001

Microalbumin (mg %)

8.2 ± 3.24

132.2 ± 35.24***

102.2 ± 29.24***

7.67 ± 3.28

< 0.001

FBS (mg%)

140.02 ± 70.08

155.6 ± 50.7

150.6 ± 49.9

90.02 ± 80.08

< 0.01

PPBS (mg%)

150.02 ± 102.10

207.3 ± 57.6

200.1 ± 57.6

120.02 ± 102.10

< 0.01

HbA1C (%)

9.10 ± 5.20

11.1 ± 2.3

10.1 ± 2.5

6.10 ± 5.20

< 0.05

Triglyceride (mg%)

122.04 ± 75.01

178.02 ± 78.01

180.04 ± 75.01

120.04 ± 76.01

< 0.05

Cholesterol(mg%)

148.04 ± 120.01

256.03 ± 134.01

246.03 ± 130.01

140.04 ± 119.01

NS

HDL (mg %)

35.01 ± 20.04

38.01 ± 26.02

35.01 ± 20.04

36.01 ± 19.04

NS

LDL (mg %)

90.00 ± 76.06

165.00 ± 97.01

160.00 ± 95.01

87.00 ± 76.05

< 0.05

Creatinine (mg %)

2.00 ± 1.6.06

10.05 ± 2.03

10.03 ± 2.01

1.40 ± 1.20

< 0.001

Urine creatinine (mg%)

145.00 ± 102.6

155.03 ± 65.02

150.03 ± 66.01

146.00 ± 113.06

< 0.05

  1. Mean ± SD *** p < 0.001, NS = not significant, n = 50