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Figure 5 | Lipids in Health and Disease

Figure 5

From: Mining literature for a comprehensive pathway analysis: A case study for retrieval of homocysteine related genes for genetic and epigenetic studies

Figure 5

Elevated Homocysteine is associated with atherosclerosis. Elevated level of homocysteine affects the cholesterol biosynthesis (branch 1), expression of extracellular matrix proteins (branch 2), enhance endothelial LOX-1 gene expression and TNFα release upon oxLDL stimulation (branch 3,branch 8), affect the expression of cell adhesion molecule (branch 4), enhance SMC proliferation by increasing cyclin A activity (branch 5), induce the expression of LPL both at the transcription and translation level presumably via PKC activation (branch 6,7) that modulates inflammatory gene response in endothelial cells. Elevated level of homocysteine also down regulate the expression of PPARs (Figure 6, branch 9). The genes marked in blue have been identified by literature based searches as mentioned in the methods section. The solid and dotted lines indicate direct and indirect (multi step) interaction/ conversion respectively.

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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X