Table 2 List of genes identified by literature mining that modulate homocysteine levels
S.No | Symbol | Gene Name | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
1. | Mthfr | Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase | Conversion of 5, 10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate to 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate. |
2. | Cbs | Cystathionine beta-synthase | Condensation of homo-cysteine and serine to form cystathionine |
3. | Mtr | Methyltetrahydrofolatehomocysteine methyltransferase | Remethylation of homocysteine to methionine |
4. | Mtrr | Methionine synthase reductase | Reductive regeneration of cob(I)alamin cofactor required for the maintenance of MTR in a functional state |
5. | Rfc-1 | Reduced-folate carrier | 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate internalization in cell |
6 | Gcp II/Folh1 | Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II | Polyglutamate converted to monoglutamate folate by action of the enzyme folylpoly gammaglutamate carboxy-peptidase (FGCPI), an enzyme expressed by GCPII. |
7 | eNos | Endothelial Nitric oxide synthase | Conversion of L-Arginine to L-Citrulline and nitric oxide synthase (NO) |
8. | Tc II | Transcobalamine II | Transport of vitamin B12 |
9. | Shmt1 | Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 1 | Reversible conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and 5, 10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. |
10. | Tyms | Thymidylate Synthase | 5, 10-methylene THF and deoxyuridylate to form dihydro-folate and thymidylate. |
11 | Cth | Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase | Hydrolysis of cystathionine to cysteine and α-Ketoglutarate |
12 | Mthfd | Methylene-tetra hydrofolate dehydrogenase | Conversion of 5, 10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate to5, 10methenyl-tetrahydrofolate. |
13 | Mthfs | Methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase | Conversion of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate to 5, 10-methenyltetrahydrofolate. |
14 | Apo E | Apolipoproteine E | Mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles. |
15 | Vegf | Vascular endothelial growth factor | Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. |
16 | Pon1 | Paraoxonase 1 | Hydrolyzes the toxic organo-phosphorus. It also mediate an enzymatic protection of LDL against oxidative modification. |
17 | Bhmt | Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase | In Liver & kidney it catalyses the conversion of betaine to dimethyl glycine (DMG). |
18 | Mat1A | Methionine Adenosyltransferase 1A | Methionine to SAM by transfer of the adenosyl moiety of ATP to the sulfur atom of methionine |
19 | Ahcy | S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase | Hydrolysis of AdoHcy to adenosine and homocysteine |
20 | Cbl | Cystathionine beta lyase | Conversion of cystathionine to homocysteine. |
22 | Factor V | Coagulation factor V | Cofactor for the factor Xa-catalyzed activation of prothrombin to the clotting enzyme thrombin. |
23 | Pai-1 | Prothrombin activator inhibitor-1 | Inhibition of fibrinolysis by inhibiting the plasminogen-activator and t-PA. |