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Figure 2 | Lipids in Health and Disease

Figure 2

From: Gamma-linolenic acid inhibits both tumour cell cycle progression and angiogenesis in the orthotopic C6 glioma model through changes in VEGF, Flt1, ERK1/2, MMP2, cyclin D1, pRb, p53 and p27 protein expression

Figure 2

Effect of 14-day osmotic pump infusion of 5 mM gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) or control cerebrospinal fluid (CON = CSF) on protein expression and angiogenesis in the C6 glioma in vivo. (A) mRNA expression of MMP2 in CON and GLA-treated tumours, with GAPDH as an internal control (n = 10), statistical significance, * = p < 0.001. (B) Zymographic detection of MMP2 proteolytic activity in CON and GLA-treated tumours (n = 9), statistical significance, * = p < 0.004. Lanes 1–4 CON, 5–9 GLA. (C and E) Western blot of ERK1 and ERK2 protein expression, with GAPDH as an internal control (n = 11), statistical significance, * = p < 0.006. Lanes 1–5 CON, 6–11 GLA. (D) Representative images of MMP2 immunohistochemical labeling (n = 9). (F and H) Haematoxylin and eosin stained sections of CON (F) and GLA (H) treated tumours. Note large number of blood vessels and tumour cells in the CON tumour in comparison with the GLA treated tumour. (G) Number of microvessels in CON and GLA-treated tumours (n = 9). Statistical significance, * = p < 0.001.

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