Protective effects of Spirulina maxima on hyperlipidemia and oxidative-stress induced by lead acetate in the liver and kidney

Table 1 Effects of Spirulina maxima on biochemical parameters during sub-chronic lead exposure in rats.

	Experimental Groups
Variable	Control	LAwS	LAS
*Aminotransferase*
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (U/L)^a	28.76 ± 5.84	46.51 ± 4.04^b	31.72 ± 4.72^c
*Plasma Lipids* (mg/dL)
Total Cholesterol (TC)^a	80.07 ± 2.54	107.83 ± 2.69^b	82.99 ± 12.70^c
Triacylglycerols (TAG)^a	91.13 ± 2.45	125.24 ± 4.43^b	94.35 ± 5.09^c
*Liver Lipids* (μg/mgLip)
Total Cholesterol (CT)^a	133.49 ± 10.73	174.18 ± 13.13^b	134.32 ± 10.76^c
Triacylglycerols (TAG)^a	65.05 ± 6.84	197.93 ± 9.05^b	70.25 ± 11.22^c
Total Lipids (TL) (mgLip/g Liver)	48.98 ± 2.38	52.47 ± 3.27	49.40 ± 3.28

Values are mean ± SD (n = 6); in each group. LA (Lead acetate, 75 mg). Control (no LA and without Spirulina), LAwS (LA without Spirulina); LAS (LA with Spirulina)
^ap < 0.05, Significantly different. ANOVA.
^bp < 0.05, LAwS group compared with the Control group. Bonferroni test.
^cp < 0.05, LAwS group compared with the LAS group. Bonferroni test.