Table 3 Effects of apoE4 genotype on HIV course of disease and HIV-associated dementia in humans
From: Apolipoprotein E genotype and hepatitis C, HIV and herpes simplex disease risk: a literature review
| Reference | Subjects and profile | Parameter | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Corder et al. 1998 [69] | 44 HIV infected patients |
- risk of HIV-associated dementia - risk of peripheral neuropathy in HIV infection |
ε4 > non-ε4 ε4 > non-ε4 |
|
Dunlop et al. 1997 [81] | 132 AIDS patients and postmortem samples of hippocampus | risk of HIV-associated dementia and encephalitis | ε2 = ε3 = ε4 |
|
Burt et al. 2008 [63] | 1,267 HIV-positive patients and 1,132 healthy controls |
- risk of acquiring HIV infection - acceleration of HIV disease progression - increase of steady-state viral load - risk of HIV-associated dementia |
ε2 = ε3 = ε4 ε4/ε4 > ε3/non-ε3 and ε3/ε3 ε4/ε4 > ε4/non-ε4 > non-ε4/non-ε4 ε4 = non-ε4 |
| Valcour et al. 2004 [80] | 222 HIV-positive patients of the Hawaii Aging with HIV Cohort |
- ε4 allele frequency - risk of HIV-associated dementia |
younger cohort > older cohort ε4 > non-ε4 within the older cohort |