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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants with and without incident diabetes in men and women

From: Lipid ratios and appropriate cut off values for prediction of diabetes: a cohort of Iranian men and women

 

Men

Women

 

Incident diabetes

(146)

No diabetes

(2027)

P Value

Incident diabetes

(220)

No diabetes

(2808)

P Value

Age (year)

49.1 ± 13.5

42.8 ± 14.0

<0.001

46.6 ± 11.7

40.3 ± 12.5

<0.001

Family history of diabetes (%)

39.7

24.0

<0.001

42.3

26.4

<0.001

Intervention (%)

39.7

35.4

0.3

35.0

36.2

0.7

History of CVD (%)

6.8

3.9

0.09

5.9

2.3

0.001

Smoking (%)

  

0.9

  

0.5

   Never

62.3

60.5

 

94.5

96.2

 

   Past

13.7

13.7

 

1.8

1.2

 

   Current

25.0

25.8

 

3.6

2.5

 

Hypertension (%)

37.7

17.5

<0.001

36.8

18.0

<0.001

Obesity (%)

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

   Normal weight

21.2

43.7

 

11.4

31.7

 

   Overweight

47.3

43.4

 

34.5

40.9

 

   Obese

31.5

13.0

 

54.1

27.4

 

Abdominal obesity (%)

67.8

45.1

<0.001

72.3

41.0

<0.001

Lipid-lowering drug use (%)

1.5

2.1

0.6

6.4

2.6

0.001

Impaired glucose tolerance (%)

54.1

9.5

<0.001

55.9

11.4

<0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

2.1 (1.5-3.0)

1.7(1.8-2.4)

<0.001

2.1 (1.4-3.0)

1.4(1.0-2.1)

<0.001

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

5.6 ± 1.2

5.3 ± 1.1

<0.001

5.6 ± 1.3

5.4 ± 1.2

<0.001

HDL-C (mmol/l)

0.9 ± 0.3

1.0 ± 0.2

0.2

1.1 ± 0.2

1.7 ± 0.3

<0.001

Non-HDL-C (mmol/l)

4.7 ± 1.2

4.3 ± 1.1

<0.001

4.8 ± 1.3

4.2 ± 1.2

<0.001

TC/HDL-C

6.2 ± 2.2

5.6 ± 1.6

<0.001

5.7 ± 1.8

4.9 ± 1.6

<0.001

TG/HDL-C

5.1(3.4-8.2)

4.0(2.5-6.3)

<0.001

4.5(2.8-7.0)

2.7 (1.8 -4.5)

<0.001

  1. CVD: Cardiovascular disease, HDL-C: High density lipoprotein cholesterol, Mean ± SD are shown for continuous variables and P value is calculated with t-test; % is shown for categorical variables with P value according to chi-square; TG and TG/HDL are shown as median (interquartile range) and P value according to Mann-Whitney test. For categorical variables with more than 2 values, the first category was considered as the reference and the p-value is for linear trend in risk. Obesity: BMI < 25 (normal), 25-29.9 (overweight) and ≥30 kg/m2 (obese), Abdominal obesity: waist circumference ≥90 cm in both sexes; Hypertension: Blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg and/or taking of antihypertensive medication; IGT: 2-hours plasma glucose level between 7.77-11.1 mmol/l.