Table 1 Clinical and biochemical characteristics in cluding metabolic components and lipid measures in participant with and without the carotid atherosclerosis in both genders

Age (ys)

45.14 ± 0.23

53.95 ± 0.58

<0.001

49.61 ± 0.50

58.47 ± 1.17

<0.001

SBP (mm Hg)

137.83 ± 0.31

142.69 ± 1.01

<0.001

137.28 ± 0.61

142.52 ± 1.55

<0.001

DBP (mm Hg)

80.10 ± 0.27

90.16 ± 0.73

<0.001

86.40 ± 0.53

88.53 ± 1.39

<0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

25.75 ± 0.08

25.63 ± 0.17

0.544

24.26 ± 0.17

25.23 ± 0.39

0.021

FPG (mmol/L)

5.70 ± 0.03

5.96 ± 0.10

0.016

5.62 ± 0.06

5.65 ± 0.09

0.848

FINS (pmol/L)

70.01 ± 1.10

60.49 ± 2.21

<0.001

62.99 ± 1.75

72.06 ± 4.63

0.041

HOMA-IR

2.58 ± 0.05

2.34 ± 0.11

0.034

2.28 ± 0.07

2.62 ± 0.18

0.056

TC (mmol/L)

5.28 ± 0.03

5.46 ± 0.06

0.007

5.38 ± 0.05

5.74 ± 0.12

0.005

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.36 ± 0.01

1.38 ± 0.02

0.284

1.64 ± 0.02

1.53 ± 0.04

0.01

non-HDL-C/HDL-C

2.97 ± 0.02

3.06 ± 0.06

0.149

2.37 ± 0.04

2.82 ± 0.08

<0.001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

3.44 ± 0.02

3.55 ± 0.05

0.041

3.29 ± 0.04

3.65 ± 0.09

0.001

TG (mmol/L)

2.31 ± 0.04

2.13 ± 0.08

0.054

1.72 ± 0.04

2.14 ± 0.13

<0.001

ApoAΙ (g/L)

1.38 ± 0.01

1.40 ± 0.01

0.321

1.54 ± 0.01

1.51 ± 0.02

0.26

ApoB (g/L)

1.17 ± 0.01

1.25 ± 0.02

<0.001

1.13 ± 0.02

1.27 ± 0.04

0.001

ApoB/apoAΙ

0.85 ± 0.01

0.91 ± 0.02

0.001

0.75 ± 0.01

0.85 ± 0.03

0.001

CRP (mg/L)

5.35 ± 0.12

5.67 ± 0.48

0.363

5.34 ± 0.21

4.57 ± 0.35

0.117

HCY (μmol/L)

11.16 ± 0.15

11.6 ± 0.29

0.186

8.28 ± 0.18

9.76 ± 0.38

0.001

GGT (U/L)

61.54 ± 1.60

54.47 ± 3.72

0.074

23.69 ± 1.13

30.95 ± 3.86

0.075

UA (μmol/L)

371.29 ± 2.15

360.94 ± 4.51

0.048

257.46 ± 3.07

283.81 ± 7.56

0.001

Current smoker(%)

41.5

39.7

>0.05

0.6

0

>0.05