Table 2 Baseline gender differences in fatty acid profile (% of total) and estimated desaturase activities
Variable | F | M | Δ (95 %) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
C16:0 | 26.9 ± 2.5 | 27.6 ± 2.8 | −0.65 (−1.76, 0.46) | 0.25 |
C16:1 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 2.5 ± 0.7 | 0.30 (−0.08, 0.68) | 0.13 |
C18:0 | 6.0 ± 0.8 | 5.7 ± 0.6 | −0.29 (−0.04, 0.62) | 0.09 |
C18:1 | 21.2 ± 2.8 | 24.6 ± 4.0 | −3.33 (−4.70, −1.96) | 0.00 |
C18:2 n-6 | 29.3 ± 4.3 | 27.5 ± 4.2 | 1.86 (0.01, 3.72) | 0.05 |
C18:3 n-3 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.06 (−0.02, 0.14) | 0.14 |
C18:3 n-6 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | −0.05 (−0.12, 0.01) | 0.10 |
C20:3 n-6 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.16 (0.04, 0.28) | 0.09 |
C20:4 n-6 | 9.1 ± 1.5 | 7.8 ± 1.9 | 1.32 (0.62, 2.02) | 0.0003 |
C20:5 n-3 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | −0.05 (−0.17, 0.08) | 0.45 |
C22:5 n-3 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | −0.001 (−0.07, 0.06) | 0.97 |
C22:6 n-3 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 0.10 (−0.12, 0.32) | 0.38 |
AA/EPA | 21.2 ± 10.5 | 17.9 ± 9.0 | 3.32 (−1.02, 7.66) | 0.13 |
Saturated fatty acids | 33.0 ± 2.5 | 33.3 ± 2.8 | −0.36 (−1.48, 0.75) | 0.52 |
Monounsaturated fatty acids | 24.1 ± 3.2 | 27.1 ± 4.1 | −3.03 (−4.53, −1.53) | 0.0001 |
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) | 43.0 ± 4.6 | 39.6 ± 5.2 | 3.40 (1.33, 5.46) | 0.0015 |
Total omega-6 PUFA | 40.0 ± 4.6 | 36.8 ± 5.3 | 3.29 (1.22, 5.35) | 0.0021 |
Total omega-3 PUFA | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 1.0 | 0.11 (−0.24, 0.46) | 0.55 |
omega-6/omega-3 | 14.4 ± 3.8 | 14.1 ± 4.2 | 0.25 (−1.44, 1.93) | 0.77 |
Δ9 C16:0 Desaturase | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.01 (0.001, 0.03) | 0.03 |
Δ9 C18:0 Desaturase | 3.6 ± 0.7 | 4.4 ± 1.0 | −0.75 (−1.10, −0.41) | 0.00 |
Δ5 Desaturase | 6.9 ± 1.9 | 6.6 ± 1.8 | 0.34 (−0.48, 1.15) | 0.42 |
Δ6 Desaturase | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | −0.003 (−0.005, −0.0003) | 0.03 |