Table 1 General characteristics in Koreans

Age (years)

44.85 ± 0.24

44.02 ± 0.30

45.69 ± 0.25

<0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

23.70 ± 0.05

24.10 ± 0.06

23.30 ± 0.06

<0.001

SBP (mmHg)

117.98 ± 0.22

120.22 ± 0.27

115.74 ± 0.27

<0.001

DBP (mmHg)

76.64 ± 0.14

79.54 ± 0.21

73.74 ± 0.15

<0.001

TC (mg/dl)

188.40 ± 0.43

187.10 ± 0.64

189.70 ± 0.50

0.241

HDL-C (mg/dl)

52.62 ± 0.15

49.89 ± 0.22

55.36 ± 0.17

<0.001

Smoking status (%)

18.7

39.0

4.8

<0.001

HTN treatment (%)

20.5

21.4

20.0

0.014

10-year CVD risk (%)^a

4.05 ± 0.07

6.40 ± 0.12

1.70 ± 0.05

<0.001

Sleep duration (hrs/d)

6.87 ± 0.14

6.88 ± 0.21

6.85 ± 0.19

0.907

Energy intake (kcal)

2058.89 ± 10.45

2395.09 ± 16.14

1722.70 ± 10.28

<0.001

Dietary protein (E %)

14.43 ± 0.06

14.53 ± 0.08

14.33 ± 0.06

0.017

Dietary fat (E %)

18.27 ± 0.12

18.62 ± 0.16

17.92 ± 0.15

0.001

Dietary CHO (E %)

67.31 ± 0.15

66.86 ± 0.20

67.76 ± 0.19

0.001

Physical activity (%)

48.4

51.5

45.3

<0.001