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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of all participants

From: Increased Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity portends an increased risk of resistant hypertension

Variables

Overall (n = 208)

Without RH (n = 166)

With RH (n = 42)

P for trend

Age (years)

55.7 ± 12.3

53.2 ± 11.4

59.3 ± 10.1

0.018

Male, n (%)

136 (65.4)

104 (62.7)

32 (76.2)

< 0.001

Smoking, n (%)

127 (61.1)

100 (60.2)

27 (64.3)

0.037

BMI (Kg/m2)

24.4 ± 3.2

23.3 ± 2.8

24.9 ± 3.0

0.87

Duration of hypertension (years)

5.4 ± 3.3

4.0 ± 2.1

6.5 ± 3.7

0.022

Diabetes, n (%)

38 (18.3)

30 (18.1)

8 (19.0)

0.51

CRP (mg/L)

19.3 ± 6.5

15.2 ± 5.4

24.7 ± 5.0

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

5.2 ± 1.1

5.1 ± 1.0

5.3 ± 1.1

0.63

LDL-C (mmol/L)

3.6 ± 0.8

3.5 ± 0.9

3.6 ± 0.7

0.66

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.1 ± 0.3

1.0 ± 0.2

1.1 ± 0.5

0.57

TG (mmol/L)

1.8 ± 0.4

1.8 ± 0.5

1.7 ± 0.3

0.49

Creatinine (μmol/l)

116.9 ± 12.74

110.2 ± 10.56

120.7 ± 9.86

0.28

BUN (mmol/L)

6.6 ± 2.4

6.7 ± 2.0

6.3 ± 2.2

0.43

Lp-PLA2 activity (nmol/min/mL)

230.5 ± 26.4

228.1 ± 24.5

254.2 ± 26.7

< 0.001

Official SBP (mm Hg)

140.7 ± 10.4

132.4 ± 5.5

147.3 ± 3.6

< 0.001

Official DBP (mm Hg)

87.6 ± 5.9

82.3 ± 4.4

94.4 ± 2.6

< 0.001

24 h mean SBP (mm Hg)

134.5 ± 5.6

126.3 ± 4.9

137.7 ± 6.2

< 0.001

24 h mean DBP (mm Hg)

83.3 ± 4.8

76.8 ± 2.4

86.5 ± 4.7

< 0.001

Heart rate (beats per minute)

81.4 ± 11.5

78.7 ± 10.3

88.2 ± 9.0

< 0.001

Number of anti-hypertensive medicines

3.4 ± 0.5

3.3 ± 0.4

3.5 ± 0.4

0.65

ACEI/ARB, n (%)

167 (80.3)

135 (81.3)

32 (76.2)

0.044

CCB, n (%)

115 (55.3)

89 (53.6)

26 (61.9)

0.037

Beta-blocker, n (%)

87 (41.8)

69 (41.2)

18 (42.9)

0.71

Diuretic, n (%)

186 (89.4)

144 (86.7)

42 (100)

< 0.001

Alpha-blocker, n (%)

45 (21.6)

36 (21.7)

9 (21.4)

0.83

Statins, n (%)

105 (50.5)

89 (53.6)

16 (38.1)

< 0.001

Aspirin, n (%)

167 (80.3)

135 (81.3)

32 (76.2)

0.058

  1. Denote: RH resistant hypertension, BMI body mass index, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglyceride, BUN blood urine nitrogen, ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, CCB calcium channel blocker, Diuretic includes thiazide, loop and aldosterone antagonist