Tetradecylthiopropionic acid induces hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and steatosis, accompanied by increased plasma homocysteine in mice

Berge, Rolf K.; Bjørndal, Bodil; Strand, Elin; Bohov, Pavol; Lindquist, Carine; Nordrehaug, Jan Erik; Svardal, Asbjørn; Skorve, Jon; Nygård, Ottar

doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0192-9

Lipids in Health and Disease

Table 2 Comparison of hepatic fatty acid composition in control and TTP-treated mice

From: Tetradecylthiopropionic acid induces hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and steatosis, accompanied by increased plasma homocysteine in mice

	Diet groups
Fatty acid^a (wt %)	Control	0.3 % TTP	0.6 % TTP	0.9 % TTP
Σ SFA	32.0 ± 2.8	31.1 ± 1.5	29.3 ± 1.8*	29.0 ± 1.7**
C12:0	0.01 ± 0.003	0.05 ± 0.02*	0.05 ± 0.02**	0.05 ± 0.02**
C14:0	0.31 ± 0.09	0.53 ± 0.14**	0.69 ± 0.19***	0.71 ± 0.17***
C18:0	10.3 ± 2.4	8.5 ± 1.4	6.6 ± 2.1**	6.7 ± 1.0**
C20:0	0.23 ± 0.05	0.14 ± 0.05***	0.07 ± 0.03***	0.06 ± 0.01***
C22:0	0.29 ± 0.07	0.21 ± 0.06*	0.11 ± 0.07***	0.10 ± 0.04***
C24:0	0.22 ± 0.06	0.13 ± 0.02**	0.10 ± 0.05***	0.09 ± 0.04***
Σ MUFAs	27.0 ± 5.1	29.7 ± 3.7	39.6 ± 8.8**	41.5 ± 5.1***
C16:1n-7	3.0 ± 0.9	3.6 ± 0.3	4.7 ± 1.5*	4.9 ± 1.3*
C16:1n-9	0.38 ± 0.14	0.58 ± 0.06*	0.82 ± 0.21***	0.93 ± 0.18***
C18:1n-9	19.5 ± 5.1	22.6 ± 2.2	29.9 ± 6.4***	31.8 ± 4.1***
C20:1n-7	0.18 ± 0.07	0.09 ± 0.02**	0.09 ± 0.05**	0.06 ± 0.03***
C22:1n-7	0.05 ± 0.01	0.02 ± 0.01***	0.01 ± 0.01***	0.01 ± 0.01***
C24:1n-9	0.27 ± 0.06	0.19 ± 0.03*	0.16 ± 0.06***	0.14 ± 0.04***
Σ n-6 PUFAs	30.6 ± 3.7	27.8 ± 1.5	21.9 ± 6.1***	20.7 ± 3.0***
C20:2n-6	0.25 ± 0.07	0.20 ± 0.03	0.18 ± 0.05*	0.17 ± 0.03*
C20:3n-6	1.7 ± 0.2	1.2 ± 0.1***	0.9 ± 0.4***	1.0 ± 0.2***
C20:4n-6	13.4 ± 2.1	10.5 ± 1.5**	6.8 ± 2.6***	6.8 ± 1.2***
C22:5n-6	0.42 ± 0.29	0.18 ± 0.04*	0.12 ± 0.04**	0.13 ± 0.03**
Σ n-3 PUFAs	10.0 ± 0.9	11.1 ± 1.4	8.9 ± 3.1	8.5 ± 1.6
C18:3n-3	0.26 ± 0.06	0.51 ± 0.12*	0.48 ± 0.24*	0.51 ± 0.20*
C18:4n-3	0.02 ± 0.01	0.06 ± 0.02	0.07 ± 0.05*	0.07 ± 0.05*
C20:5n-3	0.39 ± 0.09	0.46 ± 0.07	0.43 ± 0.20	0.40 ± 0.15
C22:5n-3	0.28 ± 0.06	0.44 ± 0.04*	0.40 ± 0.20	0.39 ± 0.16
C22:6n-3	8.9 ± 0.8	9.5 ± 1.5	7.4 ± 2.7	7.0 ± 1.2
Σ n-3 PUFA/Σ n-6 PUFA^b	0.33 ± 0.02	0.40 ± 0.04**	0.40 ± 0.06**	0.41 ± 0.04**

Abbreviations: SFAs saturated fatty acids; MUFAs monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFAs polyunsaturated fatty acids; TTP tetradecylthiopropionic acid
^aMeans with standard deviation are shown (n = 7–8), and results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc test (P* < 0.05, P** < 0.01, P*** < 0.001)
^bn-3 PUFA/n-6 PUFA calculated as: (18:4n-3 + 18:3n-3 + 20:3n-3 + 20:4n-3 + 21:5n-3 + 22:6n-3 + 22:5n-3)/(18:3n-6 + 18:2n-6 + 20:4n-6 + 20:3n-6 + 20:2n-6 + 22:5n-6 + 22:4n-6 + 22:2n-6)

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