Study 1 Echium oil | Study 2 Linseed oil mixture | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroups | EOI (n = 20) | EOII (n = 20) | EOIII (n = 19) | LOI (n = 20) | LOII (n = 20) | LOIII (n = 19) |
Sex, f/m | 10/10 | 11/9 | 9/10 | 10/10 | 10/10 | 10/9 |
BMI group (kg/m2) | 18–25 | 18–25 | >25 | 18–25 | 18–25 | >25 |
Age group (years) | 20–35 | 49–69 | 49–69 | 20–35 | 49–69 | 49–69 |
Repeated participation (%) | 40 | 90 | 80 | |||
Age (years) | 28.1 ± 2.86b | 58.8 ± 5.73a | 61.2 ± 6.26a | 25.0 ± 3.43b | 59.0 ± 5.56a | 61.1 ± 7.28a |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.0 ± 2.34b | 23.5 ± 2.40b | 30.1 ± 3.30a | 22.3 ± 2.24b | 23.2 ± 2.27b | 29.5 ± 3.26a |
Waist circumference (cm) | 80.3 ± 9.10c | 87.2 ± 9.17b | 104 ± 6.75a‡ | 80.7 ± 4.95c | 86.3 ± 7.71b | 99.4 ± 7.19a |
Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 125 ± 10.4b* | 135 ± 19.9ab | 141 ± 15.6a‡ | 133 ± 17.3b | 148 ± 20.2b | 154 ± 24.0a |
Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 82.2 ± 8.9b | 90.1 ± 12.3a | 91.2 ± 7.90a | 82.4 ± 6.68a | 89.5 ± 10.7a | 85.3 ± 19.8a |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.52 ± 0.68b | 5.82 ± 1.24a | 6.30 ± 1.02a | 4.43 ± 0.80b | 5.58 ± 1.32a | 5.84 ± 1.09a |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.43 ± 0.30a | 1.58 ± 0.47a | 1.33 ± 0.32a | 1.39 ± 0.27a | 1.44 ± 0.38a | 1.30 ± 0.33a |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.54 ± 0.61b | 3.54 ± 0.89a | 3.95 ± 0.90a | 2.48 ± 0.75b | 3.36 ± 0.98a | 3.70 ± 0.97a |
LDL-C/HDL-C | 1.87 ± 0.67b | 2.37 ± 0.66b | 3.08 ± 0.75a | 1.86 ± 0.70b | 2.42 ± 0.70a | 2.90 ± 0.83a |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.89 ± 0.36b | 1.14 ± 0.42b | 1.82 ± 0.88a‡ | 0.97 ± 0.39a | 1.31 ± 0.94a | 1.39 ± 0.51a |
Oxidized LDL (mmol/L) | 67.7 ± 12.7c* | 80.3 ± 11.4b* | 92.9 ± 13.2a* | 49.9 ± 18.0b | 60.8 ± 15.2a | 66.6 ± 14.2a |
High sensitivity CRP (mg/L) | 0.68 ± 0.62a | 1.35 ± 2.03a | 2.12 ± 2.41a | 1.32 ± 1.60a | 1.25 ± 1.50a | 1.64 ± 1.43a |
Insulin (mU/L) | 6.03 ± 2.35b | 9.75 ± 5.90a | 11.6 ± 4.77a | 6.22 ± 2.57b | 7.96 ± 4.92a | 10.8 ± 6.78a |