% of total FAME | Study 1 Echium oil (n = 59) | Study 2 Linseed oil mixture (n = 59) | Treatment effect EO vs. LO P 2 | Control groups | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fish oil (n = 19) | Olive oil (n = 18) | ||||
Plasma | |||||
EPA | 1.63 ± 0.51b | 1.07 ± 0.36c | <0.001 | 3.91 ± 0.99a | 0.55 ± 0.20d |
DPA | 0.72 ± 0.14b | 0.54 ± 0.11c | <0.001 | 0.84 ± 0.23a | 0.43 ± 0.11d |
DHA | 1.49 ± 0.42bd | 1.39 ± 0.34c | 0.009 | 1.93 ± 0.55a | 1.29 ± 0.39cd |
RBC | |||||
EPA | 1.51 ± 0.33b | 1.11 ± 0.31c | 0.001 | 2.05 ± 0.28a | 0.67 ± 0.23d |
DPA | 2.68 ± 0.38ab | 2.44 ± 0.36ab | 0.049 | 2.94 ± 0.37a | 2.07 ± 0.33c |
DHA | 3.80 ± 0.83ab | 3.62 ± 0.74ab | 0.35 | 4.15 ± 0.73a | 3.39 ± 0.89b |
PBMC | |||||
EPA | 0.69 ± 0.21b | 0.54 ± 0.14c | <0.001 | 1.91 ± 0.45a | 0.30 ± 0.07d |
DPA | 2.37 ± 0.55b | 2.11 ± 0.37c | <0.001 | 3.28 ± 0.38a | 1.68 ± 0.23d |
DHA | 1.38 ± 0.39d | 1.53 ± 0.34b | 0.003 | 1.71 ± 0.28ac | 1.51 ± 0.33bc |