Table 1 Characteristics of the participants with or without MetS in Kazakh men and women

Age (year)

50.61 ± 11.67

48.70 ± 12.14

0.001*

53.54 ± 10.20

45.57 ± 10.92

<0.001*

Waist circumference (cm)

101.77 ± 8.91

87.53 ± 11.26

<0.001*

95.27 ± 9.91

80.21 ± 12.02

<0.001*

Hip circumference (cm)

105.03 ± 7.77

97.98 ± 8.57

<0.001*

104.61 ± 10.00

96.40 ± 9.20

<0.001*

SBP (mmHg)

152.56 ± 22.87

137.37 ± 22.51

<0.001*

154.57 ± 25.01

131.62 ± 23.69

<0.001*

DBP (mmHg)

97.93 ± 17.85

87.18 ± 18.20

<0.001*

96.87 ± 20.27

81.52 ± 18.49

<0.001*

Fasting glucose (mmol/L)

5.91 ± 2.26

4.94 ± 1.05

<0.001*

5.56 ± 2.00

4.80 ± 0.97

<0.001*

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.19 ± 1.25

4.65 ± 1.15

<0.001*

5.18 ± 1.09

4.54 ± 1.08

<0.001*

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.77 ± 0.87

2.94 ± 0.93

<0.001*

2.78 ± 0.92

2.98 ± 0.94

<0.001*

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.10 ± 0.41

1.36 ± 0.43

<0.001*

1.10 ± 0.34

1.38 ± 0.41

<0.001*

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.95 ± 1.55

1.08 ± 0.78

<0.001*

1.45 ± 0.82

0.92 ± 0.45

<0.001*

BMI (kg/m²)

29.99 ± 3.69

25.71 ± 3.79

<0.001*

29.68 ± 4.86

24.60 ± 4.50

<0.001*

WHR

0.97 ± 0.07

0.89 ± 0.09

<0.001*

0.91 ± 0.08

0.83 ± 0.08

<0.001*

WHtR

0.60 ± 0.05

0.52 ± 0.07

<0.001*

0.61 ± 0.07

0.51 ± 0.08

<0.001*

BAI

29.45 ± 4.11

27.14 ± 4.22

<0.001*

35.40 ± 5.71

30.88 ± 4.88

<0.001*

TG/HDL-C

1.99 ± 2.32

0.92 ± 1.13

<0.001*

1.45 ± 0.99

0.77 ± 0.65

<0.001*