Table 1 Clinical features of 90 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients at baseline and after CSII

Waist circumference (cm)

87.49 ± 8.26

86.80 ± 7.93

paired t-test

0.021

Body mass index (kg/m²)

24.03 ± 2.93

23.85 ± 2.90

paired t-test

0.149

Systolic pressure (mmHg)

129 ± 14

121 ± 11

paired t-test

<0.01

Diastolic pressure (mmHg)

83 ± 10

76 ± 7

paired t-test

<0.01

HbA1c (%)

11.70 ± 2.40

9.82 ± 2.02

paired t-test

<0.01

IVGTT AUC_Glu

89.43 ± 17.38

67.01 ± 11.74

paired t-test

<0.01

OGTT AUC_Glu

79.57 ± 18.88

46.49 ± 9.28

paired t-test

<0.01

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.82 ± 1.21

4.89 ± 0.95

paired t-test

<0.01

Triglyceride (mmol/L)

1.76 (1.26,3.05)

1.74 (1.29,2.24)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

0.026

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.18 ± 0.29

1.23 ± 0.29

paired t-test

0.035

LDL-C (mmol/L)

3.73 ± 0.98

2.93 ± 0.77

paired t-test

<0.01

hsCRP (mg/L)

1.84 (1.08,3.67)

1.69 (0.77,2.96)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

0.54

White blood cells (×10⁹/L)

7.62 ± 2.02

6.75 ± 1.70

paired t-test

<0.01

Free fatty acid (umol/L)

607.48 ± 225.00

469.11 ± 171.41

paired t-test

0.004

HOMA-IR

1.45 (1.01, 2.45)

0.96 (0.68, 1.85)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

IAI

0.03 (0.02, 0.04)

0.05 (0.02, 0.06)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

QUICKI

0.67 ± 0.12

0.74 ± 0.15

paired t-test

<0.01

ISI_ced

5.89 (4.33, 7.26)

9.68 (8.25, 11.69)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

HOMA-β

6.87 (4.40, 15.73)

21.00 (12.90,43.04)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

AIR_3–5

1.38 (0, 5.25)

3.80 (0.87,7.46)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

∆Ins30/∆G30

0.19 (0, 1.01)

1.80 (0.60, 3.29)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

MBCI

0.91 (0.73, 1.70)

1.12 (0.74, 2.15)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

0.048

IVGTT AUC_Ins

11.91 (8.00,29.05)

25.64 (10.32,46.79)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

OGTT AUC_Ins

27.60 (12.20,64.37)

75.45 (46.37,123.53)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

HOMA-β/HOMA-IR

4.84 (2.60, 9.59)

20.99 (12.50,31.78)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

AIR_3–5/HOMA-IR

0.95 (0, 2.86)

2.49 (0.45, 6.22)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

∆Ins30/(∆G30× HOMA-IR)

0.16 (0, 0.37)

1.11 (0.50, 2.75)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

MBCI/HOMA-IR

0.71 (0.55, 0.92)

1.16 (1.01,1.34)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

IVGTT AUC_Ins/

HOMA-IR

9.98 (6.58, 14.82)

21.25 (12.62,31.92)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

OGTT AUC_Ins/HOMA-IR

17.91 (10.01,35.70)

64.35 (47.82,93.13)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01

Lp-PLA₂ (ng/ml)

102.9 (76.34,134.31)

88.35 (76.74,125.18)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

0.087

sPLA₂ (ng/ml)

219.33 (130.03,337.30)

173.78 (80.95,278.09)

Wilcoxon rank sum test

<0.01