Table 1 General and biochemical parameters in control mice and high-fat diet fed mice subjected to hydroxytyrosol (HT) supplementation

Initial body weight (g)

13.5 ± 0.6

14.0 ± 0.7

14.0 ± 0.5

13.2 ± 0.8

Final body weight (g)

34.4 ± 2.7^c,d

36.2 ± 3.1^c,d

46.8 ± 4.5^a,b

42.5 ± 3.2^a,b

Liver weight (g)

1.19 ± 0.2

1.21 ± 0.4

1.25 ± 0.3

1.24 ± 0.4

Liver weight (g)/ final body weight (g) ratio

0.034 ± 0.01^c,d

0.033 ± 0.01^c,d

0.026 ± 0.005^a,b,d

0.029 ± 0.01^a,b,c

Food intake (g/day)

2.4 ± 0.5

2.3 ± 0.4

2.7 ± 0.6

2.6 ± 0.3

Energy intake (kcal/day)

9.22 ± 0.8^c,d

8.84 ± 0.7^c,d

14.2 ± 1.4^a,b

13.6 ± 1.3^a,b

Triacylglycerols (mg/dL)

130.5 ± 7.2^c,d

120.6 ± 6.5^c,d

180.6 ± 11.5^a,b,d

156.3 ± 8.4^a,b,c

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

73.5 ± 8.5^c,d

68.7 ± 6.9^c,d

126.5 ± 15.3^a,b,d

103.6 ± 9.6^a,b,c

LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

44.3 ± 3.8^c,d

40.2 ± 3.3^c,d

78.6 ± 6.5^a,b,d

63.5 ± 5.4^a,b,c

HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

26.9 ± 3.4^c,d

24.7 ± 2.9^c,d

44.9 ± 4.8^a,b

36.3 ± 5.7^a,b

Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

123.5 ± 5.6^c,d

119.4 ± 4.9^c,d

235.5 ± 29.4^a,b,d

184.6 ± 16.5^a,b,c

Fasting insulin (units/mL)

5.47 ± 0.7^c,d

5.19 ± 0.8^c,d

18.4 ± 1.7^a,b,d

12.2 ± 1.1^a,b,c

HOMA

1.25 ± 0.3^c.d

1.17 ± 0.2^c,d

8.92 ± 1.0^a,b,d

6.45 ± 0.6^a,b,d

AST (U/L)

139.3 ± 17.8

142.7 ± 20.3

171.5 ± 28.5

148.6 ± 23

ALT (U/L)

78.6 ± 9.8

65.2 ± 6.4

80.2 ± 10.7

75.3 ± 5.6