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Table 2 Fatty acid composition of liver phospholipids from control mice and high-fat diet fed mice subjected to hydroxytyrosol (HT) supplementation

From: Hydroxytyrosol prevents reduction in liver activity of Δ-5 and Δ-6 desaturases, oxidative stress, and depletion in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content in different tissues of high-fat diet fed mice

 

Fatty acid composition (g/100 g FAME)

 

Groups

 

Control diet (CD)

High fat diet (HFD)

 

Saline

HT

Saline

HT

Fatty acid

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

C16:0

31.2 ± 2.6c

28.9 ± 2.1c

43.6 ± 4.2a,b,d

32.4 ± 3.3c

C18:0

4.31 ± 0.6b

3.15 ± 0.2a

4.62 ± 0.6b

4.40 ± 0.4b

C18:1n-9

23.4 ± 1.8

25.6 ± 2.3

22.2 ± 1.6

24.8 ± 2.0

C18:2n-6 (LA)

13.3 ± 1.1

14.5 ± 1.3

11.8 ± 1.0

12.1 ± 1.2

C18:3n-6

1.10 ± 0.1

0.97 ± 0.1

0.95 ± 0.05

0.99 ± 0.05

C18:3n-3 (ALA)

1.19 ± 0.1c

1.23 ± 0.2c

0.89 ± 0.05a,b,d

1.09 ± 0.04c

C18:4n-3

0.25 ± 0.03c

0.27 ± 0.05c

0.09 ± 0.02a,b,d

0.23 ± 0.04c

C20:3n-6

0.27 ± 0.05c

0.29 ± 0.04c

0.15 ± 0.03a,b,d

0.26 ± 0.05c

C20:4n-6 (AA)

10.2 ± 0.9c

11.5 ± 0.7c

5.95 ± 0.4a,b,d

10.4 ± 0.8c

C20:4n-3

0.16 ± 0.04c

0.17 ± 0.05c

0.04 ± 0.02a,b,d

0.14 ± 0.3c

C20:5n-3 (EPA)

1.07 ± 0.1c

1.10 ± 0.1c

0.32 ± 0.04a,b,d

1.05 ± 0.05c

C22:5n-6 (DPAn-6)

0.08 ± 0.01c

0.09 ± 0.02c

0.03 ± 0.01a,b,d

0.08 ± 0.01c

C22:5n-3 (DPAn-3)

0.09 ± 0.02c

0.08 ± 0.01c

0.04 ± 0.01a,b,d

0.08 ± 0.01c

C22:6n-3 (DHA)

4.21 ± 0.2c

4.39 ± 0.3c

1.95 ± 0.1a,b,d

4.12 ± 0.2c

Total SFAs

37.5 ± 3.1c

36.4 ± 2.9c

48.9 ± 4.4a,b,d

38.7 ± 3.5c

Total MUFAs

26.6 ± 2.2

28.5 ± 1.9

24.4 ± 2.4

26.7 ± 2.0

Total PUFAs

35.9 ± 3.1c

35.1 ± 3.6c

26.7 ± 2.3a,b,d

34.6 ± 3.3c

Total LCPUFAs

16.6 ± 1.5c

17.9 ± 1.1c

8.62 ± 0.5a,b,d

16.4 ± 0.9c

Total n-6 LCPUFAs

11.0 ± 0.7c

12.1 ± 0.8c

6.17 ± 0.3a,b,d

10.9 ± 0.8c

Total n-3 LCPUFAs

5.60 ± 0.3c

5.80 ± 0.4c

2.45 ± 0.2a,b,d

5.50 ± 0.5c

n-6/n-3 LCPUFA ratio

1.96 ± 0.1c

2.08 ± 0.05c

2.51 ± 0.2a,b,d

1.98 ± 0.1c

  1. Values are expressed as g fatty acid per 100 g FAME and represent the mean ± SEM for n = 12–14 mice per experimental group. Significant differences between the groups are indicated by the letter identifying each group (one-way ANOVA and the Newman-Keuls´ post-test; p < 0.05). Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) correspond to C12:0, C14:0, C16:0 and C18:0. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) correspond to C14:1n-7, C16:1n-7 and C18:1n-9. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) correspond to C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, C20:4n-6, C20:5n-3, C22:5n-3, and C22:6n-3; n-6 LCPUFAs are C20:4n-6 and C22:5n-3; n-3 LCPUFAs are C20:5n-3, C22:5n-3, and C22:6n-3; n-6/n-3 LCPUFA ratio: C20:4n-6/ (C20:5n-3 + C22:5n-3 + C22:6n-3)