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Table 1 TFAs concentrations by selected population characteristics of U.S. adults (Age ≥ 20 Years), NHANES 1999–2000

From: Plasma trans-fatty acids levels and mortality: a cohort study based on 1999–2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

Population characteristics

Number

Unweighted, %

Weighted, %

Elaidic acid (C18:1 t9)

Weighted mean (SE) μM

Vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11)

Weighted mean (SE) μM

Palmitelaidic acid (C16:1 t9)

Weighted mean (SE) μM

Linolelaidic acid (C18:2 t9, 12)

Weighted mean (SE) μM

Gender

 Male (ref)

701

48.1

48.8

36.40(1.87)

43.12(1.96)

7.43(0.28)

3.04(0.15)

 Female

755

51.9

51.2

37.99(1.41)

41.24(1.36)

7.67(0.15)

3.20(0.11)

Age, y

 20–39 (ref)

509

35

42.8

34.98(1.27)

41.23(1.33)

7.30(0.19)

2.96(0.10)

 40–59

429

29.5

36.0

39.26(2.47) *

43.62(2.27)

7.60(0.34)

3.26(0.19) *

 60

518

35.5

21.2

38.27(1.36) *

41.57(1.27)

7.97(0.22) *

3.21(0.13) *

Race

 Non-Hispanic White (ref)

695

47.7

75.0

38.97(1.75)

43.83(1.67)

7.97(0.19)

3.31(0.15)

 Non-Hispanic Black

222

15.2

8.5

31.52(1.07) *

37.80(1.19) *

6.00(0.29) *

2.39(0.08) *

 Mexican American

424

29.1

6.4

37.07(2.31)

41.76(2.39)

7.27(0.31) *

2.94(0.18) *

 Other Hispanic

80

5.5

7.1

26.82(2.27) *

33.41(2.26) *

5.87(0.12) *

2.43(0.08) *

 Other race / multiracial

35

2.5

3.0

34.49(5.04)

34.28(6.28)

6.05(0.75) *

2.59(0.21) *

BMI, kg/m2

 Underweight (<18.5)

24

1.6

2.4

31.68(1.28)

40.01(1.96)

6.88(0.43)

2.28(0.14)

 Normal weight (18.5–24.9) (ref)

459

31.5

36.3

33.98(1.60)

39.32(1.62)

7.04(0.20)

2.69(0.11)

 Overweight (25–29.9)

490

33.7

31.6

36.21(1.52)

41.59(1.66)

7.36(0.27)

3.21(0.15) *

 Obese (>30)

483

33.2

29.7

42.67(1.88) *

46.39(1.79) *

8.43(0.21) *

3.62(0.14) *

Alcohol use

 No (ref)

454

31.2

26.1

39.41(1.22)

43.44(0.89)

8.12(0.16)

3.12(0.12)

 Yes

1002

68.8

73.9

36.44(1.67) *

41.71(1.71)

7.35(0.18) *

3.12(0.13)

Smoking status

 Nonsmoker (ref)

720

49.5

46.8

35.58(1.82)

41.08(1.75)

7.53(0.22)

2.94(0.13)

 Former

426

29.2

28.9

39.07(1.82) *

43.70(1.71)

8.08(0.26)

3.29(0.16) *

 Current

310

21.3

24.3

38.16(1.92)

42.40(2.08)

6.97(0.32)

3.27(0.16) *

Hypertensiona

 No (ref)

941

64.6

72.4

36.42(1.75)

42.09(1.76)

7.49(0.24)

3.02(0.13)

 Yes

515

35.4

27.6

39.3(1.90)

42.35(1.36)

7.71(0.21)

3.38(0.13) *

Diabetesb

 No (ref)

1338

91.9

94.9

36.48(1.44)

41.57(1.34)

7.43(0.16)

3.09(0.12)

 Yes

118

8.1

5.1

50.89(5.37) *

53.12(3.89) *

9.81(0.71) *

3.79(0.20)*

Self-reported cardiovascular diseases history

 No (ref)

1358

93.3

94.7

37.05(1.51)

42.16(1.40)

7.53(0.16)

3.11(0.12)

 Yes

98

6.7

5.3

40.16(2.70)

42.03(2.97)

7.92(0.65)

3.31(0.19)

Mortality status, n (%)

 Assumed alive (ref)

1235

84.8

90.0

36.65(1.45)

41.82(1.39)

7.45(0.17)

3.12(0.12)

 Assumed deceased

221

15.2

10.0

42.27(3.00) *

45.25(2.86)

8.42(0.44) *

3.18(0.15)

Overall

1456

100

100

37.22(1.44)

42.16(1.33)

7.55(0.15)

3.12(0.11)

  1. * P < 0.05 for a significant difference in tran-fatty acids concentrations in the category compared to reference (first category listed) using weighted ANOVA or two-samples t tests
  2. aHypertension was defined as systolic and diastolic blood pressures ≥140/90 mmHg or use of antihypertensive treatment
  3. bDiabetes was defined as a fasting glucose value ≥7.0 mmol/L or use of insulin or oral hypoglycemic agent
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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X