Relative peak area | Lower tertile (T1, n = 77) | Middle tertile (T2, n = 78) | Upper tertile (T3, n = 77) | p a | p b | p c |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VFA at L4 < 71.8 cm2 | 71.8 cm2 ≤ VFA at L4 ≤ 99.6 cm2 | VFA at L4 > 99.6 cm2 | ||||
Saturated fatty acids | 6.200 ± 0.111b | 6.350 ± 0.169b | 7.086 ± 0.139a | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Lauric acid (C12:0) | 0.023 ± 0.001 | 0.028 ± 0.002 | 0.031 ± 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.072 | 0.059 |
Myristic acid (C14:0) | 0.200 ± 0.009b | 0.230 ± 0.014b | 0.289 ± 0.015a | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Pentadecylic acid (C15:0) | 0.037 ± 0.001 | 0.041 ± 0.002 | 0.044 ± 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.147 | 0.149 |
Palmitic acid (C16:0) | 4.074 ± 0.081b | 4.128 ± 0.104b | 4.613 ± 0.096a | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Stearic acid (C18:0) | 1.739 ± 0.028b | 1.799 ± 0.052b | 1.969 ± 0.037a | <0.001 | 0.018 | 0.022 |
Arachidic acid (C20:0) | 0.038 ± 0.001 | 0.038 ± 0.001 | 0.041 ± 0.001 | 0.060 | 0.194 | 0.262 |
Behenic acid (C22:0) | 0.090 ± 0.003 | 0.087 ± 0.003 | 0.098 ± 0.003 | 0.017 | 0.049 | 0.091 |
Monounsaturated fatty acid | 1.198 ± 0.029b | 1.267 ± 0.047b | 1.429 ± 0.036a | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.003 |
Palmitoleic acid (C16:1, n-7) | 0.139 ± 0.007b | 0.149 ± 0.007b | 0.183 ± 0.008a | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.003 |
Cis-10-heptadecenoic acid (C17:1, n-7) | 0.011 ± 0.000b | 0.012 ± 0.001a,b | 0.014 ± 0.000a | <0.001 | 0.022 | 0.025 |
Oleic acid (C18:1, n-9) | 0.984 ± 0.022b | 1.043 ± 0.038b | 1.162 ± 0.029a | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.004 |
Eicosenoic acid (C20:1, n-9) | 0.009 ± 0.000 | 0.011 ± 0.001 | 0.011 ± 0.000 | 0.180 | 0.556 | 0.586 |
Erucic acid (C22:1, n-9) | 0.009 ± 0.001 | 0.009 ± 0.001 | 0.009 ± 0.001 | 0.832 | 0.840 | 0.824 |
Nervonic acid (C24:1, n-9) | 0.046 ± 0.001 | 0.044 ± 0.001 | 0.049 ± 0.002 | 0.099 | 0.197 | 0.297 |
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6) | 2.685 ± 0.052b | 2.691 ± 0.059b | 2.973 ± 0.049a | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.003 |
Linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6) | 1.980 ± 0.039b | 2.001 ± 0.048b | 2.205 ± 0.038a | <0.001 | 0.005 | 0.004 |
γ-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-6) | 0.029 ± 0.002 | 0.030 ± 0.002 | 0.035 ± 0.002 | 0.104 | 0.438 | 0.343 |
Eicosadienoic acid (C20:2, n-6) | 0.018 ± 0.001 | 0.021 ± 0.001 | 0.022 ± 0.001 | 0.017 | 0.251 | 0.212 |
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (C20:3, n-6) | 0.095 ± 0.003b | 0.101 ± 0.004b | 0.118 ± 0.004a | <0.001 | 0.007 | 0.012 |
Arachidonic acid (C20:4, n-6) | 0.532 ± 0.013b | 0.510 ± 0.012b | 0.558 ± 0.013a | 0.030 | 0.040 | 0.038 |
Docosatetraenoic acid (C22:4, n-6) | 0.030 ± 0.001 | 0.029 ± 0.001 | 0.034 ± 0.001 | 0.006 | 0.028 | 0.061 |
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3) | 0.357 ± 0.016b | 0.415 ± 0.020b | 0.499 ± 0.021a | <0.001 | 0.039 | 0.047 |
α-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-3) | 0.079 ± 0.004 | 0.100 ± 0.009 | 0.113 ± 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.293 | 0.270 |
Eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5, n-3) | 0.080 ± 0.005 | 0.092 ± 0.006 | 0.113 ± 0.006 | <0.001 | 0.393 | 0.494 |
Docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5, n-3) | 0.036 ± 0.001b | 0.040 ± 0.002b | 0.049 ± 0.002a | <0.001 | 0.013 | 0.011 |
Docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6, n-3) | 0.162 ± 0.009 | 0.183 ± 0.011 | 0.225 ± 0.014 | 0.001 | 0.094 | 0.113 |
Ratio n-6/n-3 | 8.434 ± 0.321 | 7.350 ± 0.284 | 6.587 ± 0.244 | <0.001 | 0.149 | 0.191 |
C16 Δ9-desaturasea | 0.033 ± 0.001b | 0.035 ± 0.001a,b | 0.039 ± 0.001a | 0.002 | 0.021 | 0.029 |
C18 Δ9-desaturaseb | 0.565 ± 0.008b | 0.577 ± 0.008a,b | 0.589 ± 0.008a | 0.102 | 0.047 | 0.036 |
Δ6-desaturasec | 0.015 ± 0.001 | 0.015 ± 0.001 | 0.016 ± 0.001 | 0.579 | 0.815 | 0.813 |
Δ5-desaturased | 6.008 ± 0.217a | 5.368 ± 0.163a,b | 4.945 ± 0.143b | <0.001 | 0.025 | 0.036 |
Elongasee | 0.432 ± 0.006 | 0.437 ± 0.006 | 0.430 ± 0.006 | 0.652 | 0.446 | 0.463 |