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Table 1 Baseline characteristic and risk factors of patients in Gum Arabic and Placebo groups (n = 91)

From: Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) supplementation on visceral adiposity index (VAI) and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as indicators of cardiovascular disease (CVD): a randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trial

Variables

Gum Arabic (n = 46)

Placebo (n = 45)

 
 

SEM

 

SEM

P value

95 % C.I of differences

Lower Upper

Age (Years) a

49.96 ± 8.73

1.29

50.22 ± 9.29

1.39

0.89

−4.02

3.49

Male b

12(26.1%)

 

6(26.1%)

 

0.19

  

Female b

34(73.9%)

 

39(86.7%)

   

Duration of DM (months) a

64.04 ± 55.43

8.17

59.53 ± 48.09

7.17

0.68

−17.13

26.15

Height (cm) a

162.26 ± 9.01

1.33

161.07 ± 8.82

1.31

0.52

−2.52

4.91

Weight (kg) a

72.86 ± 15.72

2.32

77.07 ± 13.84

2.06

0.18

−10.38

1.96

Waist circumferences (cm) a

98.65 ± 12.41

1.83

94.76 ± 14.9

2.22

0.18

−1.81

9.60

WHR a

0.93 ± 0.08

0.011

0.89 ± 0.10

0.015

0.08

−0.00

0.067

BMI (Kg/m2) a

27.66 ± 5.37

0.79

29.96 ± 6.54

0.97

0.07

−4.79

0.19

BAI a

33.90 ± 7.46

1.10

34.38 ± 8.65

1.29

0.77

−3.64

2.72

VAI a

3.17 ± 2.29

0.34

2.08 ± 1.55

0.23

0.01

0.24

2.00

DAAT,cm2 a

190.92 ± 70.88

10.45

153.65 ± 67.37

10.04

0.01

5.61

62.90

LAP,cm.mmol/l a

61.28 ± 39.46

5.81

41.65 ± 32.86

4.90

0.01

2.66

36.58

SBP (mmHg) a

131.74 ± 16.37

2.43

128.44 ± 14.45

2.19

0.312

−3.14

9.73

DBP (mmHg) a

80.00 ± 9.89

1.42

78.22 ± 8.87

1.35

0.148

−2.14

5.69

TG (mmol/l) a

1.54 ± 0.63

0.093

1.10 ± 0.54

0.08

0.00

0.156

0.72

HDL(mmol/l) a

1.10 ± 0.39

0.058

1.15 ± 0.39

0.059

0.57

−0.22

0.12

Hypertension b

14(30.4%)

 

6(13.3%)

 

0.07

  

Smoking b

5(10.9%)

 

2(4.4%)

 

0.43

  

Exercise this year b,c

3(6.5%)

 

2(4.4%)

 

0.66

  

Alcohol consumption b

2(4.3%)

 

2(4.4%)

 

0.98

  
  1. Values are presented as a Mean ± SD, b number (percentage) [15]
  2. Abbreviations: BMI Body Mass Index, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure
  3. c Exercise in year 2014 to 2015
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Lipids in Health and Disease

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