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Fig. 5 | Lipids in Health and Disease

Fig. 5

From: Palmitate-induced Slc2a4/GLUT4 downregulation in L6 muscle cells: evidence of inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum stress involvement

Fig. 5

Participation of ER stress in palmitate-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells. Acute palmitate treatment induces the physical interaction among IREa, TRAF2 and IKK, resulting in the formation of IREa-TRAF2-IKK complex. This complex activates NFKB nuclear factor, which translocates to the nucleus and binds to the Slc2a4 gene promoter, downregulating it and leading to a decreased expression of GLUT4 protein, and, consequently to insulin resistance. In vivo, this mechanism could be triggered by high-fat meals, favoring the establishment or the worsening of muscle metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance

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