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Table 1 Characteristics of study participants according to neck circumference quartiles in males

From: Neck circumference as an independent indicator of visceral obesity in a Chinese population

Male

Neck circumference (cm)

P

≤34

34–36

36–38

> 38

N

1240

1152

903

643

 

Age (y)

55.55 ± 13.78

52.95 ± 13.43

53.00 ± 12.23

52.83 ± 12.05

< 0.001

Weight (kg)

61.64 ± 8.22

68.52 ± 7.75

74.69 ± 7.87

81.77 ± 9.71

< 0.001

WC (cm)

77.75 ± 7.91

82.87 ± 7.38

88.12 ± 7.86

93.75 ± 7.79

< 0.001

HC (cm)

89.87 ± 5.47

93.66 ± 5.37

96.91 ± 4.96

100.44 ± 6.23

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

22.38 ± 2.60

24.31 ± 2.40

26.20 ± 2.40

28.49 ± 2.86

< 0.001

WHR

0.87 ± 0.07

0.89 ± 0.07

0.91 ± 0.07

0.93 ± 0.07

< 0.001

WHtR

0.47 ± 0.05

0.49 ± 0.05

0.52 ± 0.05

0.55 ± 0.05

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

131.78 ± 21.87

132.49 ± 20.08

135.87 ± 19.51

140.60 ± 20.22

< 0.001

DBP (mmHg)

79.64 ± 12.99

81.31 ± 12.80

83.73 ± 12.61

86.76 ± 13.01

< 0.001

FPG (mmol/L)

5.52 ± 1.18

5.59 ± 1.40

5.81 ± 1.64

6.12 ± 1.92

< 0.001

HbA1c (%)

5.49 ± 0.86

5.54 ± 0.99

5.69 ± 1.09

5.90 ± 1.20

< 0.001

FINS (pmol/L)

23.40 (16.30–32.98)

28.30 (19.53–40.08)

35.50 (24.70–49.30)

43.80 (29.90–64.70)

< 0.001

HOMA-IR

0.81 (0.55–1.17)

0.97 (0.67–1.42)

1.27 (0.84–1.80)

1.59 (1.07–2.47)

< 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.15 (0.87–1.62)

1.37 (0.98–1.98)

1.66 (1.17–2.53)

1.95 (1.35–2.81)

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

5.01 ± 0.89

5.08 ± 1.02

5.25 ± 1.02

5.33 ± 1.10

< 0.001

LDL (mmol/L)

2.93 ± 0.70

3.06 ± 0.79

3.24 ± 0.74

3.24 ± 0.77

< 0.001

HDL (mmol/L)

1.47 ± 0.34

1.36 ± 0.29

1.30 ± 0.28

1.27 ± 0.29

< 0.001

VAI

0.99 (0.67–1.48)

1.30 (0.85–2.03)

1.69 (1.07–2.67)

1.96 (1.32–3.13)

< 0.001

LAP

14.74 (7.04–24.46)

24.13 (14.50–41.14)

39.69 (24.08–62.56)

53.70 (36.04–87.29)

< 0.001

AVI

11.98 (10.65–13.80)

13.86 (12.27–15.50)

15.54 (13.94–17.30)

17.68 (15.86–19.66)

< 0.001

Cindex

43.54 ± 6.41

48.62 ± 6.06

53.82 ± 6.56

59.83 ± 7.42

< 0.001

ALT (U/L)

19 (14–26)

20 (16–28)

23 (17–33)

27 (19–39)

< 0.001

  1. Data were presented as the mean ± SD for continuous variables with a normal distribution and as the median (interquartile range) for continuous variables with a skewed distribution. One–way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the differences between groups
  2. WC waist circumference, HC hip circumference, BMI body mass index, WHR waist-to-hip ratio, WHtR waist-to-height ratio, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, FINS fasting insulin, HOMA-IR insulin resistance index, TG triglycerides, TC total cholesterol, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, VAI visceral adiposity index, LAP lipid accumulation product, AVI abdominal volume index, Cindex conicity index