Usefulness of circuit training at home for improving bone mass and muscle mass while losing fat mass in undergraduate female students

Table 4 The effect of muscle mass or body fat percentage on calcaneus QUS status in both exercising group and non-exercising group by a multiple regression analysis

Exercising group, n = 22
		Factors	β	p values
Model I	Calcaneus QUS-SI	Body Fat Percentage (%)	-0.129	0.768
		Muscle mass (kg)	0.303	0.061
Model II	Calcaneus QUS-SOS (m/s)	Body Fat Percentage (%)	- 0.126	0.627
		Muscle mass (kg)	0.902	0.004
Model III	Calcaneus QUS-BUA (dB/MHz)	Body Fat Percentage (%)	- 0.577	0.043
		Muscle mass (kg)	0.477	0.054
Model I: Adjusted R²=0.21 (p < 0.001), Model II: Adjusted R²=0.18 (p < 0.001), Model III: Adjusted R²=0.28 (p < 0.001)
Non-exercising group, n = 19
		Factors	β	p values
Model I	Calcaneus QUS-SI	Body Fat Percentage (%)	0.847	0.009
		Muscle mass (kg)	0.110	0.700
Model II	Calcaneus QUS-SOS (m/s)	Body Fat Percentage (%)	0.759	0.051
		Muscle mass (kg)	0.360	0.071
Model III	Calcaneus QUS-BUA (dB/MHz)	Body Fat Percentage (%)	0.639	0.060
		Muscle mass (kg)	- 0.399	0.089
Model I: Adjusted R²=0.22 (p < 0.001), Model II: Adjusted R²=0.17 (p < 0.001), Model III: Adjusted R²=0.20 (p < 0.001)

QUS-SI, stiffness index by quantitative ultrasound; QUS-SOS, speed of sound by quantitative ultrasound
QUS-BUA, broadband ultrasound attenuation by quantitative ultrasound
The numerical value in italicized face indicates a significant correlative factor of each calcaneus QUS status

ISSN: 1476-511X