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Table 3 Estimates of regression coefficients (95% CIs) for the association between the whole grain intake, BMI, WC, apVAT (action theory), and markers of insulin resistance and inflammation (total effect) among US adults in NHANES

From: Adiposity mediates the association between whole grain consumption, glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance: findings from the US NHANES

Mediator

Estimate

95% CI

P

BMI

−0.255

(− 0.344 to − 0.165)

< 0.001

WC

− 0.446

(− 0.655 to − 0.233)

< 0.001

apVAT

−1.620

(−3.136 to − 0.107)

−0.036

Outcome

 Serum Hs-CRP (mg/dl)

−0.029

(− 0.040 to − 0.018)

< 0.001

 Serum Apolipoprotein (B) (mg/dL)

− 0.391

(− 0.881 to 0.133)

0.121

 Fasting blood glucose (mg/dl)

−1.049

(− 1.54 to − 0.55)

< 0.001

 Plasma Insulin (uU/mL)

− 0.023

(− 0.038 to − 0.009)

< 0.001

 HOMA_IR

− 0.031

(− 0.047 to − 0.016)

< 0.001

 HOMA_B

− 0.006

(− 0.021to 0.009)

0.425

 HbA1c (%)

−0.025

(−0.039 to − 0.012)

< 0.001

 2-h blood glucose(mg/dL)

−2.431

(−3.521to − 1.34)

< 0.001

 TyG index

− 0.014

(− 0.023 to − 0.005)

< 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, apVAT Anthropometrically-predicted visceral adipose tissue, HOMA_IR, Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA_B, Homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function HOMA_S; Homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity, TyG index, triglyceride-glucose index Hs-CRP; high senility C-reactive protein, HbA1c Glycated haemoglobin. All estimates were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational, smoking and level of physical activity. Estimates for mediator and outcomes correspond to the regression coefficients α and £, respectively, in Fig. 1
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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X