Impact of serum cholesterol esterification rates on the development of diabetes mellitus in a general population

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of newly diagnosed diabetes and non-diabetes subjects from the total cohort

Characteristics	Non-diabetes	Diabetes	P Value ^*
Number of subjects	1450	46
Age, years	55.6 ± 14.1	56.8 ± 10.9	0.599
Male sex (%)	37.4	54.3	0.02
History of hypertension, %	30.1	39.1	0.19
Current smoker, %	20.3	30.4	0.09
BMI, kg/m²	22.4 ± 2.8	25.3 ± 3.0	< 0.001
Waist circumference, cm	72.0 ± 7.9	79.8 ± 10.2	< 0.001
Waist/Hip	0.81 ± 0.06	0.86 ± 0.08	< 0.001
SBP, mmHg	132 ± 21	141 ± 20	0.003
DBP, mmHg	77 ± 12	81 ± 13	0.01
HbA1c, %	5.1 ± 0.4	5.6 ± 0.4	< 0.001
Glucose, mmol/L	5.51 ± 0.68	6.03 ± 1.07	< 0.001
IRI, U/mL	2.9 (1.6–5.4)	4.5 (2.9–8.7)	0.002
TC, mmol/L	5.15 ± 0.91	5.47 ± 1.23	0.02
HDL-C, mmol/L	1.54 ± 0.38	1.31 ± 0.32	< 0.001
Non-HDL-C, mmol/L	3.61 ± 0.97	4.16 ± 1.28	< 0.001
TG, mmol/L	0.98 (0.71–1.40)	1.61 (1.04–2.13)	< 0.001
Phospholipids, mg/dL	219 ± 32	232 ± 45	0.01
Free fatty acids, Eq/L	563 (265–852)	498 (246–942)	0.95
LCAT activity, nmol mL⁻¹ h^− 1	76.4 ± 21.2	92.0 ± 21.2	< 0.001

Values are expressed as means ± standard deviations except IRI, TG, and free fatty acids which are given as the medians and the interquartile ranges in parentheses
^* P < 0.05 is considered to indicate statistically significant differences between men and women. The Mann-Whitney nonparametric test was used for the differences of IRI, TG and free fatty acids. The other continuous variables were estimated by Student’s t-test
BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, IRI immunoreactive insulin, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, TG triglyceride, LCAT lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase

ISSN: 1476-511X