A study of ghrelin and leptin levels and their relationship to metabolic profiles in obese and lean Saudi women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Daghestani, Maha H.; Daghestani, Mazin; Daghistani, Mamoon; El-Mazny, Akmal; Bjørklund, Geir; Chirumbolo, Salvatore; Al Saggaf, Samar H.; Warsy, Arjumand

doi:10.1186/s12944-018-0839-9

Lipids in Health and Disease

Table 2 Comparison of the anthropometric measurements and metabolic profile of lean and obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (POCS) and lean and obese controls

From: A study of ghrelin and leptin levels and their relationship to metabolic profiles in obese and lean Saudi women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Parameter	Patient Group	Mean	SD	p ¹	Control Group	Mean	SD	p ²	p ³
Age (years)	Lean	26.05	0.63	0.131	Lean	23.95	0.60	0.231	0.018
Age (years)	Obese	27. 24	0.48	0.131	Obese	25.14	0.79	0.231	0.028
Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2)	Lean	22.86	0.20	0.0001	Lean	20.85	0. 24	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2)	Obese	33.64	0.62	0.0001	Obese	34.47	0.72	< 0.0001	0.387
Weight/height ratio	Lean	0.79	0.01	0.0001	Lean	0.71	0.006	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Weight/height ratio	Obese	0.88	0.01	0.0001	Obese	0.81	0.007	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	Lean	3.91	0.06	0.0001	Lean	3.42	0.05	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	Obese	4.68	0.11	0.0001	Obese	3.86	0.07	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	Lean	0.93	0.05	0.0001	Lean	0.68	0.029	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	Obese	1.21	0.05	0.0001	Obese	1.04	0.057	< 0.0001	0.025
HDL-C (mmol/L)	Lean	1.04	0.04	0.132	Lean	1.44	0.040	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	Obese	1.11	0.04	0.132	Obese	1.12	0.038	< 0.0001	0.945
LDL-C (mmol/L)	Lean	2.20	0.04	0.0001	Lean	1.31	0.048	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
LDL-C (mmol/L)	Obese	2.65	0.09	0.0001	Obese	2.11	0.078	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Leptin	Lean	13.65	0.40	0.0001	Lean	11.70	0.464	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Leptin	Obese	35.78	1.78	0.0001	Obese	39.94	2.59	< 0.0001	0.181
Fasting ghrelin	Lean	0.53	0.02	0.0001	Lean	0.57	0.016	< 0.0001	0.025
Fasting ghrelin	Obese	0.33	0.01	0.0001	Obese	0.33	0.014	< 0.0001	0.767
Fasting insulin (pmol/L)	Lean	86.67	8.20	0.04	Lean	52.57	02.28	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Fasting insulin (pmol/L)	Obese	107.68	6.45	0.04	Obese	93.51	5. 37	< 0.0001	0.094
Fasting Glucose (mmol)	Lean	4.93	0.05	0.014	Lean	4.53	0.051	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Fasting Glucose (mmol)	Obese	5.15	0.07	0.014	Obese	4.88	0.066	< 0.0001	0.007
HOMA-IR (insulin resistance)	Lean	2.807	0.27	0.034	Lean	1.49	0.070	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
HOMA-IR (insulin resistance)	Obese	3.492	0. 25	0.034	Obese	2.88	0.177	< 0.0001	0.05
HOMA-S (insulin secretion)	Lean	164.80	16.64	0.146	Lean	161.06	10.62	0.013	0.850
HOMA-S (insulin secretion)	Obese	194. 25	11.97	0.146	Obese	207.19	14.64	0.013	0.49

p¹ = significance of the difference between lean and obese PCOS
p² = significance of the difference between lean and obese control
p³ = significance of the difference between lean PCOS vs lean control and obese PCOS vs obese control
HOMA Homeostatic model assessment

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