Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants stratified by NAFLD

N

527

776

Sex (%men)

454(86.15%)

492(63.40%)

P < 0.0001

Age (years)

52 ± 7.19

48 ± 8.42

P < 0.0001

BMI (kg/m²)

26.00 ± 2.57

22.49 ± 2.54

P < 0.0001

Current smokers (%)

212(40.23%)

216(27.84%)

P < 0.0001

SBP (mmHg)

119.5 ± 12.00

113.1 ± 12.31

P < 0.0001

DBP (mmHg)

79.00 ± 8.87

73.61 ± 8.69

P < 0.0001

Hypertension

142(26.94%)

84(10.82%)

P < 0.0001

Diabetes mellitus

45(8.54%)

17(2.19%)

P < 0.0001

ALT (U/L)

35.54 ± 22.92

20.52 ± 11.51

P < 0.0001

AST (U/L)

25.85 ± 10.19

20.69 ± 5.76

P < 0.0001

AST/ALT

0.85 ± 0.30

1.17 ± 0.41

P < 0.0001

Elevated ALT (> 40 U/L) (%)

154(29.22%)

53(6.83%)

P < 0.0001

GGT (U/L)

39.66 ± 37.51

23.05 ± 21.5

P < 0.0001

TG (mmol/L)

2.19 ± 1.65

1.31 ± 1.12

P < 0.0001

TC (mmol/L)

4.83 ± 0.82

4.61 ± 0.77

P < 0.0001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

3.00 ± 0.74

2.80 ± 0.69

P < 0.0001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.13 ± 0.26

1.36 ± 0.34

P < 0.0001

FBG (mmol/L)

5.73 ± 1.12

5.24 ± 0.71

P < 0.0001

SUA (umol/L)

381.8 ± 78.21

320.8 ± 77.45

P < 0.0001

SCr (umol/L)

74.86 ± 12.96

71.12 ± 13.56

P < 0.0001

PLT (10⁹/I)

220.6 ± 42.22

213.2 ± 43.26

0.0023