Are non-high–density lipoprotein fractions associated with pediatric metabolic syndrome? The CASPIAN-V study

Table 1 Characteristics of the study population: the CASPIAN-V study

Variable	Boy	Girl	Total	P-value
Age (year)^a	12.39 (3.1)	12.17 (3.1)	12.28 (3.1)	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)^a	18.48 (4.9)	18.53 (4.4)	18.51 (4.7)	0.565
Waist (cm)^a	67.65 (12.8)	65.76 (11.3)	66.72 (1.2)	< 0.001
SBP (mmHg) ^a	99.55 (13.4)	98.77 (12.8)	99.17 (13.0)	< 0.001
DBP (mmHg) ^a	64.08 (10.7)	63.57 (10.1)	63.83 (10.4)	0.004
TG (mg/dl)^a	87.15 (45.5)	89.02 (44.7)	88.04 (4.5)	0.201
HDL-C (mg/dl)^a	46.21 (10.1)	46.15 (9.7)	46.18 (9.9)	0.863
LDL-C (mg/dl)^a	89.31 (22.9)	90.86 (22.2)	90.05 (22.6)	0.034
TC (mg/dl)^a	152.95 (28.0)	154.82 (26.6)	153.84 (27.4)	0.035
FBS (mg/dl)^a	92.06 (12.9)	91.19 (11.1)	91.64 (12.1)	0.027
Non-HDL-C (mg/dl)^a	106.74 (25.8)	108.66 (24.4)	107.66 (25.1)	0.018
Diff-Chol (mg/dl)^a	17.43 (9.1)	17.80 (8.9)	17.60 (9.0)	0.201
TG/HDL^a	2.03 (1.3)	2.08 (1.3)	2.05 (1.3)	0.265
MetS^b	108 (5.5)	80 (4.5)	188 (5.0)	0.174
Low HDL^b	658 (32.7)	476 (26.0)	1134 (29.5)	< 0.001
High LDL^b	341 (16.9)	333 (18.2)	674 (17.5)	0.310
High TC^b	100 (5.0)	89 (4.9)	189 (4.9)	0.878
Abdominal obesity^b	1550 (21.6)	1422 (20.5)	2972 (21.1)	0.087
High FBS^b	96 (4.8)	65 (3.8)	161 (4.2)	0.060
High TG^b	541 (26.9)	524 (28.6)	1065 (27.7)	0.228
High SBP^b	210 (3.0)	228 (3.3)	438 (3.1)	0.255
High DBP^b	746 (10.5)	704 (10.2)	1450 (10.4)	0.510
High BP^b	815 (11.5)	789 (11.4)	1604 (11.5)	0.45

^aData are presented as mean (SD)
^bData are presented as number (percentage)
SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, BP blood pressure, TG triglycerides, FBG fasting blood glucose, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
low HDL: < 40 mg/dL (except in boys 15–19 y old, that cut-off was < 45 mg/dL); high LDL: > 110 mg/dL; high TG: 100 mg/dL; high TC: > 200 mg/dL; elevated FBS > 100 mg/dL; high blood pressure: > 90th (adjusted by age, sex, height)

ISSN: 1476-511X