Table 2 Comparison of characteristics between participants with and without low back pain among men
|  | Low back pain (+) (n = 3726) | Low back pain (−) (n = 165,880) | p valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | |||||
 40–49 | 1478 | 39.7 | 79,296 | 47.8 | <  0.001 |
 50–59 | 1455 | 39.0 | 60,493 | 36.5 | |
 60–64 | 793 | 21.3 | 26,091 | 15.7 | |
Height (cm) | 169.1 (6.6) | 169.1 (6.4) | 0.486 | ||
Weight (kg) | 69.3 (12.0) | 68.5 (11.6) | <  0.001 | ||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||
 <  18.5 | 129 | 3.5 | 6029 | 3.6 | <  0.001 |
 18.5–24.9 | 2261 | 60.7 | 105,600 | 63.7 | |
 ≥ 25 | 1336 | 35.8 | 54,251 | 32.7 | |
Physical activity (min/day) | |||||
 ≥ 60 | 1244 | 33.4 | 56,939 | 34.3 | 0.233 |
 <  60 | 2482 | 66.6 | 108,941 | 65.7 | |
Smoking status | |||||
 None | 1249 | 33.5 | 56,805 | 34.2 | <  0.001 |
 Former | 813 | 21.8 | 30,712 | 18.5 | |
 Current | 1664 | 44.7 | 78,363 | 47.2 | |
Alcohol intake | |||||
 None | 1085 | 29.1 | 47,372 | 42.5 | 0.054 |
 Sometimes | 1010 | 27.1 | 47,955 | 28.9 | |
 Everyday | 1631 | 43.8 | 70,553 | 28.6 | |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | |||||
 Normal (<  140) | 2605 | 69.9 | 117,219 | 70.7 | 0.320 |
 High (≥ 140) | 1121 | 30.1 | 48,661 | 29.3 | |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | |||||
 Normal (≥ 40) | 3294 | 88.4 | 151,118 | 91.1 | <  0.001 |
 Low (<  40) | 432 | 11.6 | 14,762 | 8.9 | |
LDL-C/HDL-C ratio | |||||
 Low (<  2.5) | 2178 | 58.5 | 102,889 | 62.0 | <  0.001 |
 High (≥ 2.5) | 1548 | 41.5 | 62,991 | 38.0 | |