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Table 6 Main patient outcomes according to previous major cardiovascular event

From: Treatment persistence and adherence and their consequences on patient outcomes of generic versus brand-name statins routinely used to treat high cholesterol levels in Spain: a retrospective cost-consequences analysis

Group

No previous cardiovascular event

Previous cardiovascular event

Generic

Brand-name

p

Generic

Brand-name

p

Number of patients, %

N = 8292 (77.1%)

N = 2457 (22.9%)

N = 1280 (78.0%)

N = 550 (22.0%)

Sociodemographics

 Age, mean (SD), years

59.9 (11.3)

60.1 (11.6)

0.427

67.0 (9.6)

67.2 (10.3)

0.640

 Sex (female)

54.5%

54.9%

0.681

44.1%

42.9%

0.630

Comorbidity

 Number of comorbidities

6.3 (3.2)

6.4 (3.5)

0.198

7.5 (3.4)

7.8 (4)

0.087

 Charlson index

0.6 (1.0)

0.6 (0.9)

0.675

1.2 (1.0)

1.3 (1.1)

0.935

 RUB

2.9 (0.7)

2.9 (0.7)

0.485

3.3 (0.8)

3.3 (0.8)

0.755

Adherence

 Medication possession ratio (%)

59.4%

62.6%

p = 0.015

71.0%

76.0%

p = 0.002

Treatment persistence (%, HR)*

17.0%

22.8%

0.86 [0.82–0.91]; p < 0.001

36.1%

42.0%

0.88 [0.78–0.99]; p = 0.034

Patients who have reached LDL-c goal (%)**

 At the start of statin therapy

18.5 [17.7–19.3]

18.8 [17.3–20.3]

0.710

14.1 [12.2–16.0]

13.6 [10.8–16.5]

0.764

 At discontinuation

37.2 [36.2–38.2]

39.4 [37.5–41.3]

OR; 0.89 [0.80–0.99]; p = 0.025

48.0 [45.2–50.7]

53.5 [49.3–57.6]

OR; 0.78 [0.64–0.95]; p = 0.015

 Absolute variation

18.7

20.6

0.035

33.8

39.8

0.014

Patient Outcomes (IR)***

 - Cardiovascular event

29.08 [26.82–31.50]

24.69 [21.06–28.77]

0.062

74.42 [67.89–81.42]

55.41 [45.41–66.96]

0.006

 - All-cause mortality

20.51 [18.61–22.55]

16.86 [13.88–20.29]

0.064

39.71 [34.98–44.91]

26.41 [19.67–34.73]

0.007

Costs (€)****

Generic

Brand-name

Difference

Generic

Brand-name

Difference

Healthcare costs

8365 [8285–8445]

7751 [7584–7918]

614 [432–796]; p < 0.001

12,081 [11890–12,271]

10,421 [10078–10,763]

1660 [1280–2040]; p < 0.001

Productivity losses

1101 [1047–1156]

981 [873–1089]

120 [12–232]; p = 0.068

15,337 [14443–16,230]

14,890 [13007–16,773]

447 [117–777]; p = 0.683

Total costs

9466 [9368–9565]

8732 [8536–8928]

734 [516–952]; p = 0.001

27,417 [26523–28,311]

25,310 [23512–27,110]

2107 [1805–2409]; p < 0.001

  1. Values expressed as mean with standard deviation or 95% confidence interval (CI) in brackets; IR: unadjusted cumulative incidence rate in number of cases per 1000 person-years, *HR: adjusted hazard ratio relative to brand-name statin (adjusted using a Cox proportional risk model with covariates (age, sex, number of comorbidities, Charlson index, resource utilization band [RUB], proportion of subjects reaching their LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) goal at start of therapy, statin type and prior cardiovascular event); **OR: Odds ratio, adjusted by age, sex, number of comorbidities, Charlson index, RUB, proportion of subjects reaching their LDL-c goal at the start of therapy and statin type; ***p values using the Mantel-Haenszel Chi-square test.****Adjusted by age, sex, number of comorbidities, Charlson index, RUB, proportion of subjects reaching their LDL-c goal at the start of therapy, statin type, prior cardiovascular event and treatment duration. 95% CI calculated with 1000 non-parametric bootstrap iterations