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Table 2 Postprandial NEFA, triglyceride and insulin and fasting cortisol in subjects with type 2 diabetes, N = 16

From: The acute effects of dietary carbohydrate reduction on postprandial responses of non-esterified fatty acids and triglycerides: a randomized trial

 

CD diet

CRHP diet

p-value*

mean

SEM

mean

SEM

NEFA responses

 Total AUC (μmol/L × 450 min)

432

35

488

34

0.003

 Breakfast AUC (μmol/L × 270 min)

393

33

477

32

< 0.001

 Breakfast net AUC (μmol/L × 270 min)

-298

48

-201

38

0.024

 Lunch AUC (μmol/L × 180 min)

491

49

505

48

0.52

 Lunch net AUC (μmol/L × 180 min)

88

31

−53

27

< 0.001

Triglyceride responses

 Total AUC (mmol/L × 450 min)

2.65

0.29

2.35

0.17

0.12

 Breakfast AUC (mmol/L × 270 min)

2.43

0.26

2.21

0.16

0.20

 Breakfast net AUC (mmol/L × 270 min)

0.36

0.05

0.44

0.04

0.012

 Lunch AUC (mmol/L × 180 min)

2.97

0.33

2.57

0.21

0.065

 Lunch net AUC (mmol/L × 180 min)

0.24

0.06

−0.08

0.05

< 0.001

Insulin responses

 Total AUC (pmol/L × 450 min)

342

36

266

31

< 0.001

 Breakfast AUC (pmol/L × 270 min)

325

37

259

31

< 0.001

 Breakfast net AUC (pmol/L × 270 min)

224

23

153

17

< 0.001

 Lunch AUC (pmol/L × 180 min)

367

36

278

34

0.005

 Lunch net AUC (pmol/L × 180 min)

171

23

80

18

0.003

Cortisol

 Fasting concentration (nmol/L)

380

26

371

34

0.71

  1. Abbreviations: NEFA, non-esterified fatty acids; CD, conventional diabetes; CRHP carbohydrate-reduced high-protein; AUC, area under curve; * using Student’s paired t-test